Evidence for human diabetic cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Growing interest has been accumulated in the definition of worsening effects of diabetes in the cardiovascular system. This is associated with epidemiological data regarding the high incidence of heart failure (HF) in diabetic patients. To investigate the detrimental effects both of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, a lot of preclinical models were developed. However, the evidence of pathogenic and histological alterations of the so-called diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still poorly understood in humans. Here, we provide a stringent literature analysis to investigate unique data regarding human DCM. This approach established that lipotoxic-related events might play a central role in the initiation and progression of human DCM. The major limitation in the acquisition of human data is due to the fact of heart specimen availability. Postmortem analysis revealed the end stage of the disease; thus, we need to gain knowledge on the pathogenic events from the early stages until cardiac fibrosis underlying the end-stage HF.

RETRACTED: High Glucose Activated Cardiac Fibroblasts by a Disruption of Mitochondria-Associated Membranes

“…Diabetic cardiomyopathy extensively exists in patients with diabetes and poses a great health burden all around the world (Marfella et al, 2021). Cardiac fibrosis is the hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy (Bai et al, 2020;Peterson and Gropler, 2020).…”

Additive effect of aortic regurgitation degree on left ventricular strain in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus evaluated via cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking

“…Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its related cardiovascular diseases are causing increasing burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. T2DM is characterized by insufficient or non-effective utilization of insulin, resulting in chronic hyperglycemia [ 1 , 2 ]. Aortic regurgitation (AR) can occur if diabetes causes left ventricular (LV) remodeling and increases the risk of degenerative aortic valve disease.…”

Editorial: Metabolic Related Cardiomyopathy in Hyperglycemic Patients

“…As whole metabolic and immunological cardiac alterations are responsible for impaired cardiac functioning. Such myocardial dysfunction is associated with DCM and HF with preserved ejection fraction ( 8 , 9 ). Indeed, the common soil for both latter diseases is an increased cardiac wall rigidity that does not allow the cardiac chamber to receive enough blood by the bloodstream.…”

“…Over time, cardiac chambers lose their contractility performance, and a HF at reduced ejection fraction develops. Hyperglycemia has also been shown to negatively affect coronary flow reserve, contributing to the decline in cardiac wall performance or leading to ischemic cardiac insult (8)(9)(10).…”