Evidence for Heterochromatin Involvement in Chromosome Breakage in Maize Callus Culture

Fluminhan, Antônio; Aguiar-Perecin, Margarida Lopes Rodrigues de; Santos, J.A Dos

doi:10.1006/anbo.1996.0098

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The examination of C-banded anaphases showed that sister chromatids were held together at C-band sites (corresponding to knobs). Additionally, typical bridges with and without C-bands were observed [Fluminhan et al, 1996]. These events were interpreted as evidence of the occurrence of the chromatid type breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle described by McClintock [1939McClintock [ , 1941, which was initiated by chromatids that were broken during the primary event.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cytogenetic studies of callus cultures it was shown that chromosome 7 was the most affected in tissue cultures [Fluminhan et al, 1996;Aguiar-Perecin et al, 2000;Santos-Serejo and Aguiar-Perecin, 2016]. In the genotypes studied, this chromosome possessed knobs on the short and long arms and was more prone to rearrangements.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…An amplification of the knob localized on the long arm of chromosome 7 (K7L) was previously interpreted as resulting from a BFB cycle [Fluminhan et al, 1996]. This mechanism would involve a deletion of the terminal euchromatic segment, i.e., the segment between the knob (K7L) and the telomere, as discussed below.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Alterations in Heterochromatic Knobs in Maize Callus Culture by Breakage-Fusion-Bridge Cycle and Unequal Crossing Over

Santos-Serejo

Gardingo²,

Mondin³

et al. 2018

Cytogenet Genome Res

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The meiotic and mitotic behavior of regenerated plants derived from a long-term callus culture, designated 12-F, was analyzed. This culture was heterozygous for an amplification of the heterochromatic knob on the long arm of chromosome 7 (K7L). We aimed to investigate if the amplification resulted from a breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle or from unequal sister chromatid recombination. Therefore, C-banded mitotic metaphases and pachytene, diakinesis, and anaphase I of regenerated plants were analyzed. Additionally, the occurrence of alterations in K7L was investigated in C-banded metaphases from short-term callus cultures derived from lines related to the donor genotype of the 12-F culture. As a result, plants homozygous and heterozygous for the amplification were detected. Meiosis was normal with few abnormalities, such as a low frequency of univalents at diakinesis. In the callus cultures a chromosome 7 with knobs of different sizes in the sister chromatids was detected and interpreted as a result of unequal crossing over. Other chromosomal alterations were consistent with the occurrence of BFB cycles. The finding of unequal crossing over in the cultures supports the conclusion that the amplification in the culture 12-F would be derived from this mechanism. If the amplification was derived from a BFB cycle, the terminal euchromatic segment between knob and the telomere would be deleted, and possibly, homozygous plants would not be viable.

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Alterations in Heterochromatic Knobs in Maize Callus Culture by Breakage-Fusion-Bridge Cycle and Unequal Crossing Over

Santos-Serejo

Gardingo²,

Mondin³

et al. 2018

Cytogenet Genome Res

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“…Many authors (Pring et al 1981, Mc Coy et al 1982, Rhodes et al 1986, Lee and Phillips 1987, Fluminhan et al 1996 have documented polyploidy, aneuploidy, translocations, inversions, deletions, fragmentation, heteromorphic pairs, ring chromosomes and single gene recessive mutations in regenerants.…”

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Analysis of Genetic Variability in Long-term Callus Cultures and Regenerated Plants of Maize.

Molina

García

1998

CYTOLOGIA

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“…Pembuatan preparat kromosom akar dengan pemberian hidroksiquinolin sebelum fiksasi telah dilakukan pada tanaman Lolium [4], strawberry [1], dan Isodon (Laminaceae) [7] serta kromosom kalus pada tanaman Asparagus officinalis L. [8], jagung [9], dan Anthurium [5]. Penggunaan hidroksiquinolin pada penelitian ini diaplikasikan pada pembuatan preparat akar dan kalus bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) yang diberikan setelah fiksasi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Effect of Hydroxyquinoline on Preparation of Chromosome Roots and Garlic Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Fauziah

2015

Nat-B

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ABSTRAKMetode pembuatan preparat kromosom yang tepat memudahkan dalam penghitungan jumlah kromosom, terutama untuk analisis tingkat ploidi tanaman. Bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) merupakan tanaman yang jumlah kromosomnya sulit dihitung karena kromosomnya panjang dan sulit berpisah ketika di-squash. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hidroksiquinolin pada pembuatan preparat kromosom akar dan kalus bawang putih. Pembuatan preparat dilakukan melalui tahapantahapan yaitu fiksasi dengan larutan Farmer, perendaman dalam hidroksiquinolin selama 1 jam, hidrolisis dengan HCl 1N selama 2 menit pada suhu 60°C, perendaman dalam Carnoy selama 30 menit, dan pewarnaan dengan aceto orcein 1% selama 20 menit. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah pemberian hidroksiquinolin selama 1 jam setelah perendaman dalam larutan fiksatif dan sebagai kontrol adalah pembutan preparat tanpa pemberian hidroksiquinolin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pembuatan preparat melalui perendaman dengan hidroksiquinolin selama 1 jam setelah fiksasi dapat menghasilkan kromosom dengan warna yang tajam dan kontras serta menghasilkan pemisahan kromosom yang tegas, baik pada kalus maupun ujung akar bawang putih.Kata kunci : akar, bawang putih, hidroksiquinolin, kalus, kromosom ABSTRACTThe effective method in making chromosome prepararation was able to count the number of chromosome easier, especially for analysis the ploidy level in plants. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the plants that the chromosome is difficult to be counted because their chromosomes are long and difficult to spread during the squashing. This research was to find out the effect of hydroxiquinoline on making chromosome preparation of root and callus in garlic. The steps of making chromosome preparation were fixation in Farmer's fluid, put in hydroxiquinoline for an hour, hydrolysis in 1N HCl for two minutes at 60°C, put in Carnoy for 30 minutes, and stained in 1% aceto orcein for 20 minutes. The treatment were gift hydroxiquinoline for an hour after put in fixative fluid and the control were making preparation without gift hydroxiquinoline. The result of this research suggest that the method of making preparation by treatment with hydroxiquinoline for an hour after fixation produced the chromosomes that the stain were sharp and contrast, and also it produced well spread chromosomes that were clearly defined of both callus and root tip in garlic.Keywords : Allium sativum L., Hydroxiquinoline, callus, chromosome, root PENDAHULUANPembuatan preparat dengan metode squash melalui berbagai modifikasi metode telah dilaporkan. Dalam aplikasinya, metode-metode tersebut melibatkan agen kimia dan fisika yang diberikan sebelum bahan difiksasi atau pretreatment. Suatu metode pembuatan preparat kromosom yang tepat dapat menghasilkan pewarnaan kromosom yang jelas dan pemisahan kromosom yang baik, sehingga memudahkan dalam penghitungan jumlah

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Evidence for Heterochromatin Involvement in Chromosome Breakage in Maize Callus Culture

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Alterations in Heterochromatic Knobs in Maize Callus Culture by Breakage-Fusion-Bridge Cycle and Unequal Crossing Over

Alterations in Heterochromatic Knobs in Maize Callus Culture by Breakage-Fusion-Bridge Cycle and Unequal Crossing Over

Analysis of Genetic Variability in Long-term Callus Cultures and Regenerated Plants of Maize.

Effect of Hydroxyquinoline on Preparation of Chromosome Roots and Garlic Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

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