Evidence for hepatic glucostatic regulation of food intake in the domestic chicken and its interaction with gastro‐intestinal control

Abstract

1. Male birds of a laying strain had permanent catheters introduced into the hepatic portal vein via the coccygeo-mesenteric vein. 2. Infusions of 5 ml of 40, 100 or 150 g glucose/l solution over 2 min caused a non-significant depression of food intake compared with a 9 g NaCl/l control solution. 3. Infusions of a range of isotonic glucose solution (0 to 60 g glucose/l, 30- mosm) at 1.4 ml/min over 3 h caused food intake depression within the 3-h period (P less than 0.01) proportional to the logarithm of the dose. 4. This effect was not observed when 60 g glucose/l was infused at the above rates into the jugular vein. 5. Starvation of the bird for 21 h accentuated the depressive effect of glucose load on food intake, especially when birds were not given food until after the 3-h infusion. 6. The infusion of solutions of sodium chloride (1.0 to 13.0 g/l, 33 to 433 mosmoles/kg) at 1.4 ml/min over 3 h stimulated food intake within the range of 3 to 7 g NaCl/l (100 to 233 mosm) but suppressed intake outside this range. This can be interpreted as a possible interaction with water intake control. 7. Infusion of 20 ml of glucose solution (0, 18 or 54 g/l) over 5 min into the crop and 0, 3.75 or 60 g glucose/l at 1.4 ml/min over 3 h into the hepatic portal vein, caused an additive, linear depression of food intake.

Nutritional regulation of glucokinase: a cross-species story

“…B, 6 h (trout), 3 h (chicken), 2 h (rat); B, 24 h. hypothesised that the low liver GK activity reported above in avian liver (163) may partly contribute to the high basal plasma glucose level of avian species decreasing acutely in response to GK activation GKA administration to chickens also reduced food intake (161) . Infusion of glucose into the hepatic portal vein decreased food intake in a dose-dependent manner in chickens (190) . It has been hypothesised that an increase in hepatocyte metabolism following perfused glucose would generate a neuronal satiety signal to the hypothalamus.…”

Effect of onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, immune responses and serum biochemical parameters in broiler chicks

“…Hypoglycemia stimulates a nerve center for intake whereas hyperglycemia stimulates the center for satiety. Shurlock and Forbes [13] observed reductions in feed intake after they infused glucose into the hepatic portal vein of fasted chickens at physiological rates, whereas no effect was observed when glucose was infused into the jugular vein. Onion stimulated growth by increasing the inflow of glucose into tissues, thyroid like activity.…”

Similarities and differences between intake control mechanisms in pigs, chickens and ruminants

“…Glucose solutions infused over 3 h into the hepatic portal vein of fasted chickens at physiological rates resulted in significant reductions in food intake whereas when given into the jugular vein they had no effect (Shurlock & Forbes, 1981b). An amino acid mixture infused into the portal vein also depressed intake (Shurlock & Forbes, 1984).…”