Evidence for field evolved resistance to newer insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan

Ahmad, Munir; Sayyed, Ali H.; Saleem, Muhammad; Ahmad, Mushtaq

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2008.05.003

Cited by 178 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, this cannot explain why some newer insecticides which are seldom used in fields (such as spinosyn) resulted in moderate resistance. Ahmad et al (2008) suggested that resistance to newer insecticides is due to a possible cross-resistance mechanism to conventional insecticides. Shen and Wu (1995) suggested that it was practical to rely more on insecticide application history in a field when cross-resistance needs to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Resistance of Spodoptera exigua to ten insecticides in Shandong, China

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2011

Phytoparasitica

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Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) collected from three regions (two scallion-producing regions and one ginger-producing region) in Shandong, China and a laboratory colony of Wuhan (WHLC) were evaluated for their susceptibilities to ten insecticides (emamectin benzoate, chlorfenapyr, indoxacarb, spinosyn, tebufenozide, methoxyfenozide, chlorfluazuron, betacypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and methomyl) in 2008, 2009 and 2010 using a leaf-dip bioassay method. The results indicate that the resistance ratios of S. exigua to newer insecticides such as emamectin benzoate, chlorfenapyr and indoxacarb were all below 20-fold, with no obvious change in all 3 years. S. exigua exhibits moderate resistance to spinosyn, and its resistance ratios increased from 1.98-5.31-fold in 2008 to 14.31-64.20-fold in 2010 from three regions as compared with WHLC. S. exigua showed moderate to high resistance to insect growth regulators such as tebufenozide, methoxyfenozide, chlorfluazuron in 2008, 2009 and 2010, in which resistance to chlorfluazuron was rapidly increased from 31. 49-88.19-fold in 2008 to 1184.39-2789.67-fold in 2010. Resistance of S. exigua to beta-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos varied greatly among the three regions, ranging from 95. 31-437.97-fold and 25.05-40.64-fold in 2008, 951.81-1304.40-fold and 44.91-186.33-fold in 2009, to 27.27-1095.31-fold and 19.12-267.98-fold in 2010. In contrast, S. exigua showed low resistance to methomyl, and the resistance ratio was below 5-fold in 3 years. There are several reasons accounting for varying degrees of resistance, including selection pressure, cropping structure and migration, in which the migration of S. exigua may play an important role.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Resistance of Spodoptera exigua to ten insecticides in Shandong, China

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2011

Phytoparasitica

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“…The resistance ratio of indoxacarb was found 15-fold higher compared with a laboratory susceptible population for Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) . The increased resistance was attributed to the activity of GST enzyme (Ahmad et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance in two populations of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from Turkey

Yalçin¹,

Mermer²,

Kozacı³

et al. 2015

Turkish Journal of Entomology

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SummaryIn this study, the resistance of two (Aydın and Urla) populations of T. absoluta against five commonly used insecticides (indoxacarb, spinosad, azadirachtin, chlorantraniliprole and metaflumizone) were determined. Further, the activity of insecticide detoxifying enzymes [gluthation-S-transferase (GST) and esterase (EST)] was also evaluated to confirm the resistance. Aydın population of T. absoluta had higher resistant values 8-fold, 3.79-fold, 6.4-fold and 1.84-fold for indoxacarb, metaflumizone, spinosad and chlorantraniliprole, respectively against all insecticides except azadirachtin compared to the Urla population. It was determined that in comparison with T.absoluta population from Aydın, the Urla population can be more susceptible to other insecticides except azadirachtin. GST enzyme activity was 1.5-fold higher in Aydın than the Urla populations, however, EST enzyme had similar activity in both the populations. The results of study imply that T. absoluta populations from Aydın (Turkey) can be resistant against indoxacarb, metaflumizone, spinosad and chlorantraniliprole. Increased GST enzyme activity in resistant populations confirms this resistance development. Insecticides of plant origin like azadirachtin, for which least insecticide resistance was recorded, may be applied in combination with other methods to effectively control T.absoluta. Keywords: Tuta absoluta, resistance, enzymes, leaf dip ÖzetBu çalışmada T. absoluta'nın iki populasyonunun (Aydın ve Urla) en çok kullanılan 5 insektisite karşı (indoxacarb, spinosad, azadirachtin, chlorantraniliprol ve metaflumizon) direnç durumları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca detoksifikasyon enzimlerinin [glutation-S-transferaz (GST) ve esteraz (EST)] aktiviteleri de direnci doğrulamak için saptanmıştır. T.absoluta Aydın populasyonunun azadirachtin hariç diğer insektisitlere karşı (Urla populasyonuna göre) sırasıyla indoxacarb, metaflumizon, spinosad ve chlorantaraniliprol'e karşı 8, 3.79, 6.4 ve 1.84 kat direnç geliştirdiği gözlenmiştir. Aydın populasyonu ile karşılaştırıldığında Urla populasyonunun azadirachtin hariç diğer insektisitlere karşı daha duyarlı olabileceği saptanmıştır. GST enzim aktivitesi Urla populasyonuna göre Aydın populasyonunda 1.5-kat fazla iken, EST enzimi için her iki populasyonda benzer sonuçlar bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın sonuçları, Aydın (Türkiye)'dan alınan bir T. absoluta populasyonunun indoxacarb, metaflumizon, spinosad ve chlorantraniliprol'e karşı dirençli olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Dirençli populasyondaki artan GST enzim aktivitesi, bu direnç gelişimini doğrulamaktadır. En az insektisit direnci rapor edilmiş olan bitkisel kaynaklı insektisit azadirachtin diğer metodlarla birlikte bu zararlının etkili bir şekilde kontrol edilmesinde uygulanabilir.

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“…The increased popularity of biological control agents over synthetic chemicals is because of the non-selective lethal effect of the latter agents (Moser and Obrycki 2009;Kristoff et al 2010;Shah and Iqbal 2010;Eriksson and Wiktelius 2011;Stevens et al 2011) and the rapid development of resistance by insect pests to synthetic insecticides (Ahmad et al 2008). …”

Section: Advantages Of Using Bt Products Over Chemical Agents In Agrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus thuringiensis Applications in Agriculture

George

Crickmore

2012

Bacillus Thuringiensis Biotechnology

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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and its insecticidal toxins have been used in agronomical pest control for decades. The mechanism of action of Bt toxins on insect pest involves specific molecular interactions which makes Bt a popular choice for pest control. The specificity of action of Bt toxins reduces the concern of adverse effects on non-target species, a concern which remains with chemical insecticides. Different strains of Bt are known to express different classes of toxins which in turn target different insects. Bt and its toxins can be formulated into powder or liquid sprays or expressed in transgenic plants. To maximize the effect of Bt toxins, multiple toxins are often combined when making Bt formulations or expressed in transgenic plants. Though Bt is a very effective biological control agent, there are concerns over the development of resistance by insect species and also the narrow spectrum of activity of individual toxins. To address these concerns, new strains of Bt expressing novel toxins are actively sought and existing toxins are genetically modified for improved activity.

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Evidence for field evolved resistance to newer insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan

Cited by 178 publications

References 23 publications

Resistance of Spodoptera exigua to ten insecticides in Shandong, China

Resistance of Spodoptera exigua to ten insecticides in Shandong, China

Insecticide resistance in two populations of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from Turkey

Bacillus thuringiensis Applications in Agriculture

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