Evidence for Extinct Vanadium-49 in Presolar Silicon Carbide Grains from Supernovae

Hoppe, P.; Besmehn, Astrid

doi:10.1086/342785

Cited by 64 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Since 49 Ti excesses are positively correlated with V/Ti ratios, 49 V must have been alive when the X grains condensed. This constrains the time of grain formation to several months after SN explosion (Hoppe and Besmehn 2002), which is consistent with astronomical observations of dust formation in SN1987a (Wooden 1997 . This suggests coupled synthesis of 13 C and 15 N not only in nova explosions but also in Type II SNe.…”

Section: Type X Grainssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…By ion imaging in the ion microprobe ) X grains can be efficiently identified and a large isotope data base exists for X grains (e.g., Amari et al 1992;Nittler et al 1996;Hoppe and Besmehn 2002;Besmehn and Hoppe 2003;Nittler and Alexander 2003). The X grains have 12 C/ 13 C ratios between 6 and 7,000 and 14 N/ 15 N ratios between ∼10 and 250 (Fig.…”

Section: Type X Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reservoir for Comet Material: Circumstellar Grains

Hoppe

2007

Space Sci Rev

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Primitive meteorites and interplanetary dust particles contain small quantities of dust grains with highly anomalous isotopic compositions. These grains formed in the winds of evolved stars and in the ejecta of stellar explosions, i.e., they represent a sample of circumstellar grains that can be analyzed with high precision in the laboratory. Such studies have provided a wealth of information on stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis, Galactic chemical evolution, grain growth in stellar environments, interstellar chemistry, and the inventory of stars that contributed dust to the Solar System. Among the identified circumstellar grains in primitive solar system matter are diamond, graphite, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, oxides, and silicates. Circumstellar grains have also been found in cometary matter. To date the available information on circumstellar grains in comets is limited, but extended studies of matter returned by the Stardust mission may help to overcome the existing gaps.

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Section: Type X Grainssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Type X Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reservoir for Comet Material: Circumstellar Grains

Hoppe

2007

Space Sci Rev

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“…At least some, with, say Hoppe & Besmehn (2002), V 49 (half life 330 days), so that its daughter Ti 49 is correlated with V 51 , in silicon carbide grains from, again, Murchison. We finally gave up counting new extinct radioactivities like this, but you should plan to take off your shoes.…”

Section: Meteoritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrophysics in 2002

Trimble

Aschwanden

2003

PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC

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ABSTRACT. This has been the Year of the Baryon. Some low temperature ones were seen at high redshift, some high temperature ones were seen at low redshift, and some cooling ones were (probably) reheated. Astronomers saw the back of the Sun (which is also made of baryons), a possible solution to the problem of ejection of material by Type II supernovae (in which neutrinos push out baryons), the production of R Coronae Borealis stars (previously-owned baryons), and perhaps found the missing satellite galaxies (whose failing is that they have no baryons). A few questions were left unanswered for next year, and an attempt is made to discuss these as well.

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“…While 49 Ti excesses can also be produced by neutron capture in the He/C zone, Hoppe and Besmehn (2002) claimed, on the basis of a correlation between 49 Ti excesses and the V/Ti ratio in X grains, that 49 V decay was responsible. Travaglio et al (1999) found that the 49 Ti excesses in low-density graphite grains with 12 C/ 13 C < 100 can only be explained by mixing of SN layers if 49 V decay is considered.…”

Section: The Equilibrium Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stardust in the Laboratory

Zinner

2008

Publ. – Astron. Soc. Aust

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Primitive meteorites and interplanetary dust particles contain small grains that originated in stellar outflows and supernova explosions. These µm-and sub-µm-sized presolar grains can be isolated and studied for their isotopic compositions in the laboratory. They are recognised as stardust by their isotopic compositions, which are completely different from those of the Solar System. They provide new information on stellar evolution, nucleosynthesis, mixing processes in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and supernovae, and Galactic chemical evolution. Red giants,AGB stars, Type II supernovae and possibly novae have been identified as stellar sources of the grains. Of the eight nuclear processes proposed by Burbidge et al. (1957), signatures of all except the r-process can be found in presolar dust grains.

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Evidence for Extinct Vanadium-49 in Presolar Silicon Carbide Grains from Supernovae

Cited by 64 publications

References 21 publications

Reservoir for Comet Material: Circumstellar Grains

Reservoir for Comet Material: Circumstellar Grains

Astrophysics in 2002

Stardust in the Laboratory

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