Evidence for destruction of PCBs by the OH radical in urban atmospheres

Emissions of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane from Chicago

“…Recently, concentrations of D 5 in ambient air were measured in Chicago over consecutive 12-h periods for eight days in August 2011 (Yucuis et al, 2013). A day-night trend with higher concentrations at night is apparent in the measurements and was attributed by the authors to changing boundary layer height, which is in line with findings for chemicals with urban sources in earlier studies carried out during a stable high pressure system in summer (Totten et al, 2002;MacLeod et al, 2007;Gasic et al, 2009;Moeckel et al, 2010;Müller et al, 2012;Bogdal et al, 2014).…”

Serum polychlorinated biphenyls and their hydroxylated metabolites are associated with demographic and behavioral factors in children and mothers

“…1 Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) are major PCB metabolites; they appear in the human body not only because of metabolism of PCBs, 2 but also because of other origins such as intake of foods containing OH-PCBs, especially contaminated fish and other seafood capable of PCB metabolism, 3 prenatal exposure via placental transfer, 4–7 and possibly inhalation, as PCBs can react with OH radicals in the troposphere, leading to formation of OH-PCBs in the atmosphere. 8, 9 …”

Modeling short-term concentration fluctuations of semi-volatile pollutants in the soil–plant–atmosphere system

“…3-B1). The model output also explains the field observations of temperature-mediated reversible soil-atmosphere exchange of SVOCs (Gouin et al, 2002; Totten et al, 2002) for some sites of stronger photochemical oxidation and for photosensitive compounds.…”

“…Soils represent a terrestrial reservoir for legacy SVOCs and may (temporarily) act as secondary sources, re-volatilizing pollutants to the atmosphere due to changes in land use (Komprda et al, 2013), reduced anthropogenic emissions (Jones and de Voogt, 1999;Kurt-Karakus et al, 2006;Bao et al, 2015), and temperature changes. Re-volatilization happens due to changes in seasons and climate on the long term (Lamon et al, 2009;Ma and Cao, 2010;Ma et al, 2011;Komprda et al, 2013) or because of the diurnal cycle of solar radiation in the short term (Wallace and Hites, 1996;Lee et al, 1998;Gouin et al, 2002;Totten et al, 2002;Mandalakis et al, 2003;MacLeod et al, 2007;Gasic et al, 2009;Morselli et al, 2011); both are relevant for the environmental fate of SVOCs because they may influence volatilization rates from soils. Plants may play an important role as short-term sources and sinks of semi-volatile pollutants in the atmosphere depending on species and growing seasons (Buckley, 1982;Jones et al, 1992;Simonich and Hites, 1994a, 1994bKömp and McLachlan, 1997;Böhme et al, 1999;McLachlan, 1999;Hung et al, 2001;Moeckel et al, 2001;Barber et al, 2003Barber et al, , 2004Terzaghi et al, 2015).…”