Evidence for deconfinement of quarks and gluons from the J/ψ suppression pattern measured in Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN-SPS

Abreu, M.C.; Alessandro, B.; Alexa, C.; Arnaldi, R.; Atayan, M.; Baglin, C.; Baldit, A.; Bedjidian, M.; Beolè, S.; Boldea, V.; Bordalo, P.; Bussiére, A.; Capelli, L; Casagrande, Luca; Castor, J.; Chambon, T.; Chaurand, B.; Chevrot, I.; Cheynis, B.; Chiavassa, E.; Cicalò, C.; Comets, M. P.; Constans, N.; Constantinescu, S.; Cruz, J.; Falco, A. De; Dellacasa, G.; Marco, N. De; Devaux, A.; Diţǎ, S.; Drapier, O.; Ducroux, L.; Espagnon, B.; Fargeix, J.; Force, P.; Gallio, M.; Gavrilov, Y.K.; Gerschel, C.; Giubellino, P.; Golubeva, M.; Gonin, M.; Grigorian, A.A.; Grossiord, J.‐Y.; Guber, F.F.; Guichard, A.; Gulkanyan, H.; Hakobyan, R.; Haroutunian, R.; Idzik, M.; Jouan, D.; Karavitcheva, T.L.; Kluberg, L.; Kurepin, A.; Bornec, Y. Le; Lourenço, C.; Cormick, M. Mac; Macciotta, P.; Marzari‐Chiesa, A.; Masera, M.; Masoni, A.; Mehrabyan, S.; Monteno, M.; Mourgues, S.; Musso, A.; Petiau, P.; Piccotti, A.; Pizzi, J.R.; Prino, F.; Puddu, G.; Quintans, C.; Ramello, L.; Ramos, S.; Mendes, P. Rato; Riccati, L.; Romana, A.; Ropotar, I.; Saturnini, P.; Scomparin, E.; Serci, S.; Shahoyan, R.; Silva, S.; Sitta, M.; Soave, C.; Sonderegger, P.; Tarrago, X.; Topilskaya, N.; Usai, G. L.; Vercellin, E.; Villatte, L.; Willis, N.

doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(00)00237-9

Cited by 310 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The multiplicity detector of the NA50 experiment, with its good granularity, allows to measure the charged particle multiplicity as a function of pseudorapidity, providing in particular the particle density at midrapidity. This observable gives information about initial conditions such as the energy density, whose knowledge is relevant for the interpretation of the anomalous J/ψ suppression, observed by the NA50 experiment in Pb-Pb collisions [1,2,3], in terms of the threshold for the creation of a new state of matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles as a function of centrality in Pb–Pb collisions at 158 and 40 GeV per nucleon incident energy

Abreu

Alessandro

Alexa³

et al. 2002

Physics Letters B

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles as a function of centrality in Pb–Pb collisions at 158 and 40 GeV per nucleon incident energy

Abreu

Alessandro

Alexa³

et al. 2002

Physics Letters B

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“…The data for the suppression are taken from [14,15], those for p 2 t ψ ′ from [2]. Since the ψ ′ has not been treated by Blaizot et al, we fit the suppression data and find values for the absorption parameters, σ ψ ′ abs = 7 mb, n ψ ′ c = 2.3 fm −2 , leaving the parameters p smaller than that for J/ψ, more ψ ′ s leak out of the anomalous suppression region, the change in suppression due to the increase of t A is noticeable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time structure of anomalous J/ψ and ψ′ suppression in nuclear collisions

Hüfner

Zhuang

2003

Physics Letters B

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The data for the mean squared transverse momentum p 2 t (E t ) as function of transverse energy E t of J/ψ and ψ ′ produced in Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN-SPS are analyzed and it is claimed that they contain information about the time structure of anomalous suppression. A transport equation which describes transverse motion of J/ψ and ψ ′ in the absorptive medium is proposed and solved for a QGP and a comover scenario of suppression. While the comover approach accounts for the data fairly well without adjusting any parameter, the fit to the data within the QGP scenario requires to assume anomalous suppression to become effective rather late, 3−4 fm/c after the nuclear overlap.The discovery in 1996 of anomalous J/ψ suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at the SPS has been one of the highlights of the research with ultrarelativistic heavy ions at CERN [1]. Does it point to the discovery of the predicted quark gluon plasma (QGP)? Six years later the situation is still confused, since several models -with and without the assumption of a QGP -describe the observed suppression, after at least one parameter is adjusted. The data on the mean squared transverse momentum p 2 t (E t ) [2] for the ψ (this symbol stands for J/ψ and ψ ′ ) in the regime of anomalous suppression and as a function of transverse energy E t have received less attention -for no good reason. We claim: p 2 t (E t ) contains additional information about the nature of anomalous suppression and may help to distinguish between different scenarios. In this paper we investigate how the time structure of anomalous suppression influences the values p 2 t (E t ). This idea has already been considered more than 10 years ago [3] (c.f. also more recent works [4,5]) and is based on the following observation ( Fig.1): Anomalous suppression is not an instantaneous process, but takes a certain time depending on the mechanism. During this time ψ's produced with high transverse momenta may leak out of the parton/hadron plasma and escape suppression. As a consequence, low p t ψ's are absorbed preferentially and the p 2 t of the surviving (observed) ψ's show an increase δ p 2 t , which grows monotonically with the mean time t A , when anomalous absorption acts [5]. In this letter we propose a general formalism of how to incorporate the effect of leakage into the various models, which have been proposed to describe 1

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“…Lattice QCD calculations of the heavy-quark correlators indicate that the ground-state charmonium and bottomonium states, J/ψ and ϒ, dissolve at T diss ≈ 2 T c and 4 T c , respectively [119][120][121][122]. While the relevance of charmonia production studies in heavy-ion collisions is well established from measurements done at the SPS and at RHIC, where a factor of ∼2-3 anomalous suppression has been observed in PbPb and AuAu collisions at √ s N N = 17.3 GeV [124,197] and 200 GeV [126], respectively, the clarification of some important remaining questions requires equivalent studies at the LHC energies, where the ϒ family becomes accessible to similar studies. Second, the production of heavy-quarks proceeds mainly via gluon-gluon processes and, as such, is sensitive to saturation of the gluon density at low-x in the nucleus (Colour Glass Condensate).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the LHC, the original capability to fully reconstruct jets [47] 18. J/ψ nuclear modification factor versus centrality [127] (given by the number of participant nucleons in the collision) measured in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the SPS [123][124][125] and RHIC [126].…”

Section: Jets and High-p T Hadrons: Parton Number Density And Medium mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental confirmation of such a threshold-like dissociation pattern would provide a direct means to determine the transition temperature reached in the system and their comparison to ab initio lattice QCD predictions. A significant amount of experimental data on J/ψ production in different proton-(deuteron-)nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions have been collected at SPS [123][124][125] and at RHIC [126]. The corresponding nuclear modification factors, compiled in Ref.…”

Section: Quarkonia: Critical Temperature and Energy Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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CMS Physics Technical Design Report: Addendum on High Density QCD with Heavy Ions

d’Enterria¹,

Ballintijn²,

Bedjidian³

et al. 2007

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

149

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This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies √ s N N = 5.5 TeV, will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction -Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) -in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x).This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low p T inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high p T hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.

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Evidence for deconfinement of quarks and gluons from the J/ψ suppression pattern measured in Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN-SPS

Cited by 310 publications

References 22 publications

Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles as a function of centrality in Pb–Pb collisions at 158 and 40 GeV per nucleon incident energy

Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles as a function of centrality in Pb–Pb collisions at 158 and 40 GeV per nucleon incident energy

Time structure of anomalous J/ψ and ψ′ suppression in nuclear collisions

CMS Physics Technical Design Report: Addendum on High Density QCD with Heavy Ions

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