Evidence for BoLA‐linked resistance and susceptibility to subclinical progression of bovine leukaemia virus infection

Lewin, Harris A.; Bernoco, D.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03191.x

Cited by 96 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The present work confirms the existence of correlations between susceptibility to disease and a specific MHC haplotype reported in animal and man [1,5,10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Selection assisted by a BoLA-DR/DQ haplotype against susceptibility to bovine dermatophilosis

et al. 2003

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-Bovine dermatophilosis is a severe skin infection of tropical ruminants inducing a severe loss in productivity and a 15% mortality rate. This disease is caused by the actinomycete bacterium Dermatophilus congolensis associated with the tick Amblyomma variegatum. Currently there are no prospects for a vaccine, and acaricide or antibiotic control is hampered by the development of chemoresistance. Animal breeders have observed that dermatophilosis susceptibility seems to be determined genetically, and we previously identified a BoLA-DRB3-DQB class II haplotype marker for high (R 2 = 0.96) susceptibility to the disease. With this marker, we developed a successful eugenic selection procedure for zebu Brahman cattle in Martinique (FWI). Over a period of five years, a marked reduction in disease prevalence, from 0.76 to 0.02 was achieved, and this low level has been maintained over the last two years. The selection procedure, based on a genetic marker system targeting the highly polymorphic BoLA locus, eliminates only those individuals which are at the highest risk of contracting the disease. In the present work, we discuss the properties of this system, including the "heterozygote advantage" and the "frequency dependence" theories, and examine their involvement in the biological mechanisms at the host/pathogen interface. We speculate on the exact role of the MHC molecules in the control of the disease, how the natural selection pressure imposed by the pathogens selectively maintains MHC diversity, and how our results can be practically applied for integrated control of dermatophilosis in developing countries.

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“…The present work confirms the existence of correlations between susceptibility to disease and a specific MHC haplotype reported in animal and man [1,5,10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Selection assisted by a BoLA-DR/DQ haplotype against susceptibility to bovine dermatophilosis

et al. 2003

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“…Recently, several reports showing the resistance to BLV infection is innately established by MHC have been accumulated [31,32,39,57,68]. Xu et al demonstrated that there was significant difference between PL and healthy group in the amino acids sequence in the DRB3 region of bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) class II [68].…”

Section: Blv-resistant Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Immune Responses in the Course of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection.

Kabeya

Ohashi

Onuma

2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a type C retrovirus infecting bovine B cells and causing enzootic bovine leukosis. Since it takes long periods to develop the disease, it is believed that BLV and host immune responses are closely related. In this review, the accumulated data showing close relationship between BLV and host immune responses are summarized in 4 sections. First, we discuss the role of cell-mediated immunity in protecting hosts from BLV infection. Second, several reports showing the relationship between the disease progression and the change of cytokine profiles are summarized. In the third section, we have focused on tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and its two types of receptors, and the possible involvement of TNF α in the BLV-induced leukemogenesis is discussed. The expression of TNF α has been shown to be regulated by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype. The resistance to BLV infection is supposed to be established by some innate factors, which are closely related to MHC haplotype. Finally, we propose that a breeding strategy based on the MHC haplotype could be a good approach to control BLV infection. This review includes some recent data from us and other groups. KEY WORDS: bovine leukemia virus, cell-mediated immunity, cytokine profile, major histocompatibility complex, tumor necrosis factor α.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 63 (7): [703][704][705][706][707][708] 2001 Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, is an oncogenic B-lymphotropic retrovirus [27]. The disease is divided into three stages; serologically positive, but negative for lymphocytosis (SP); serologically positive and positive for persistent lymphocytosis (PL); and leukemia. Like other members of chronic retrovirus infection, BLV infection results in a prolonged asymptomatic period with a low viral load that persists for 1 to 8 years. Thirty percent of infected animals progress to PL, characterized by a polyclonal expansion of B cells. Only 0.1 to 10 percent develop malignant lymphosarcoma [53]. Usually a long duration is required between these disease stages suggesting that BLV modulate host immune systems [22,23].The purpose of this review is to assemble the results of studies on the host immune responses in the course of BLV infection in an effort to provide a picture towards the control of BLV infection. CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY AND BLV INFECTIONBoth humoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) are known to be induced in natural BLV-infection, and these play roles in protection of hosts from BLV infection [20,29,41,42,45]. However, their relative roles in protection remain to be elucidated. In this regard, a series of recent studies have postulated that particularly CMI against BLV antigens contributes to the suppression of BLV replication, this leading to the delay of disease progression [42,59]. Orlik and Splitter have shown that CMI responses to BLV antigens were suppressed in correlation to disease progression [46]. The positive effect of indomethacin on the recovery of the suppres...

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“…First evidences revealed an association between resistance or susceptibility to PL and BoLA A class I alleles (LEWIN; BERNOCO, 1986); however, these associations were relatively weak at population levels and different BoLA A alleles had significant effects in different breeds (LEWIN et al, 1988;STEAR et al, 1988). Subsequent studies showed that resistance and susceptibility to PL map more closely to MHC class II BoLA DRB3.2 gene than to BoLA A locus (ESTEBAN et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel association of BoLA DRB3 alleles in BLV infected cattle with different proviral loads

Farías

Caffaro

Lendez

et al. 2017

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is associated with the most common neoplastic disease of cattle. BLV has a silent dissemination in the herd due to infected cell exchange, thus the concentration of BLV-infected cells in blood should play a major role in the success of viral transmission. Genes from Bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA), the MHC system of cattle, are associated with genetic resistance and susceptibility to a wide range of diseases, and also with production traits. Some BoLA DRB3.2 allele polymorphisms in Holstein cattle have been associated with resistance or susceptibility to BLV-disease development, or with proviral load (PVL). This investigation studied 107 BLV-infected Argentinean Holstein dairy cows, all of them belonging to one herd. PVL was analysed by qPCR and animals were classified as high proviral load (HPVL, N = 88) and low proviral load (LPVL, N = 19), and BoLA DRB3.2 alleles were genotyped. Alleles BoLA DRB3.2*1501 and *1201 were significantly associated with HPVL (p = 0.0230 and p = 0.0111 respectively), while allele BoLA DRB3.2*0201 was significantly associated with LPVL (p = 0.0030). The present study aims at contributing to the knowledge of the association between BoLA polymorphism and development of a BLV infection profile. Genes that best explain the PVL in this population resulted BoLA DRB3.2*0201 (as a protection factor) and *1501 (as a risk factor). Allelic differences may play an important role in the development of effective immune responses. A better understanding of how BoLA polymorphism contributes to these responses and the establishment of a BLV status is desirable to schedule and evaluate control measures. Keywords: BLV. Proviral load. BoLA DRB3 polymorphism. ResumoO vírus da leucemia bovina (BLV) está associado à doença neoplásica mais comum do gado bovino. O BLV tem uma disseminação silenciosa no rebanho devido à troca de células infectadas, assim, a concentração de células BLV infectadas no sangue deve desempenhar um papel importante no sucesso da transmissão viral. Os genes do antígeno leucocitário bovino (BoLA), sistema MHC do gado bovino, estão associados à resistência genética e à susceptibilidade a uma ampla gama de doenças, bem como às características da produção. Alguns polimorfismos de alelos de BoLA DRB3.2 em bovinos Holstein têm sido associados à resistência ou susceptibilidade ao desenvolvimento da doença BLV, ou com carga proviral (PVL). Esta investigação avaliou 107 vacas leiteiras da raça Holstein argentina infectadas com BLV e pertencentes a um único rebanho. A PVL foi analisada por qPCR, os animais foram classificados em alta carga proviral (HPVL, N = 88) e baixa carga proviral (LPVL, N = 19) | 216Braz.

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Evidence for BoLA‐linked resistance and susceptibility to subclinical progression of bovine leukaemia virus infection

Cited by 96 publications

References 24 publications

Selection assisted by a BoLA-DR/DQ haplotype against susceptibility to bovine dermatophilosis

Selection assisted by a BoLA-DR/DQ haplotype against susceptibility to bovine dermatophilosis

Host Immune Responses in the Course of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection.

A novel association of BoLA DRB3 alleles in BLV infected cattle with different proviral loads

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