Evidence for Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos from the Northern Sky with IceCube

Aartsen, M. G.; Abraham, K.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.; Aguilar, J. A.; Ahlers, M.; Ahrens, M.; Altmann, D.; Anderson, W. G.; Archinger, M.; Argüelles, C.; Arlen, T. C.; Auffenberg, J.; Bai, X.; Barwick, S. W.; Baum, V.; Bay, R.; Beatty, J. J.; Tjus, J. Becker; Becker, K. H.; Beiser, E.; BenZvi, S.; Berghaus, P.; Berley, D.; Bernardini, E.; Bernhard, A.; Besson, D.; Binder, G.; Bindig, D.; Bissok, M.; Blaufuss, E.; Blumenthal, J.; Boersma, D. J.; Böhm, C.; Börner, M.; Bos, F.; Bose, D.; Böser, S.; Botner, O.; Braun, J.; Brayeur, L.; Bretz, H.-P.; Brown, A. M.; Buzinsky, N.; Casey, J.; Casier, M.; Cheung, E.; Chirkin, D.; Christov, A.; Christy, B.; Clark, K.; Classen, L.; Coenders, S.; Cowen, D. F.; Silva, A. H. Cruz; Daughhetee, J.; Davis, J.; Day, M.; André, J. P. A. M. de; Clercq, C. De; Dembinski, H.-P.; Ridder, S. De; Desiati, P.; Vries, Krijn de; Wasseige, G. de; DeYoung, T.; Díaz-Vélez, J. C.; Dumm, J. P.; Dunkman, M.; Eagan, R.; Eberhardt, B.; Ehrhardt, Thomas; Eichmann, B.; Euler, S.; Evenson, P. A.; Fadiran, O.; Fahey, S.; Fazely, A. R.; Fedynitch, Anatoli; Feintzeig, J.; Felde, J.; Filimonov, K.; Finley, C.; Fischer-Wasels, T.; Flis, S.; Fuchs, T.; Glagla, M.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gaïor, R.; Gallagher, John S.; Gerhardt, L.; Ghorbani, K.; Gier, D.; Gladstone, L.; Glüsenkamp, T.; Goldschmidt, A.; Golup, G.; González, J. G.; Goodman, J. A.; Góra, Dariusz; Grant, D.; Gretskov, P.; Groh, J. C.; Groß, A.; Ha, C.; Haack, Christian; Ismail, A. Haj; Hallgren, A.; Halzen, F.; Hansmann, B.; Hanson, K.; Hebecker, D.; Heereman, D.; Helbing, K.; Hellauer, R.; Hellwig, D.; Hickford, S.; Hignight, J.; Hill, G. C.; Hoffman, K. D.; Hoffmann, R.; Holzapfe, K.; Homeier, A.; Hoshina, K.; Huang, F.; Huber, M. E.; Huelsnitz, W.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; In, S.; Ishihara, A.; Jacobi, E.; Japaridze, G. S.; Jero, K.; Jurković, M.; Kaminsky, B.; Kappes, A.; Karg, T.; Karle, A.; Kauer, M.; Keivani, A.; Kelley, J. L.; Kemp, J.; Kheirandish, Ali; Kiryluk, J.; Kläs, J.; Klein, S. R.; Kohnen, G.; Kolanoski, H.; Konietz, R.; Koob, A.; Köpke, L.; Kopper, C.; Kopper, S.; Koskinen, D. J.; Kowalski, M.; Krings, K.; Kroll, G.; Kroll, M.; Kunnen, J.; Kurahashi, N.; Kuwabara, T.; Labare, M.; Lanfranchi, J. L.; Larson, M. J.; Lesiak-Bzdak, M.; Leuermann, M.; Leuner, J.; Lünemann, J.; Madsen, J.; Maggi, G.; Mahn, Kendall; Maruyama, R.; Mase, K.; Matis, H. S.; Maunu, R.; McNally, F.; Meagher, K.; Medici, M.; Meli, A.; Menne, T.; Merino, G.; Meures, T.; Miarecki, S.; Middell, E.; Middlemas, E.; Miller, J.; Mohrmann, L.; Montaruli, T.; Morse, R.; Nahnhauer, R.; Naumann, Uwe; Niederhausen, H.; Nowicki, S. C.; Nygren, D. R.; Obertacke, A.; Olivas, A.; Omairat, A.; O’Murchadha, A.; Palczewski, T.; Paul, Larissa; Pepper, J. A.; Heros, C. Pérez de los; Pfendner, C.; Pieloth, D.; Pinat, E.; Posselt, J.; Price, P. B.; Przybylski, G. T.; Pütz, J.; Quinnan, M.; Rädel, L.; Rameez, M.; Rawlins, K.; Redl, P.; Reimann, R.; Relich, M.; Resconi, E.; Rhode, W.; Richman, M.; Richter, S.; Riedel, Benedikt; Robertson, S.; Rongen, Martin; Rott, C.; Ruhe, T.; Ruzybayev, B.; Ryckbosch, D.; Saba, S. M.; Sabbatini, L.; Sander, H. G.; Sandrock, A.; Sandroos, J.; Sarkar, S.; Schatto, K.; Scheriau, F.; Schimp, Michael; Schmidt, T.; Schmitz, M.; Schoenen, S.; Schöneberg, S.; Schönwald, A.; Schukraft, A.; Schulte, L.; Seckel, D.; Seunarine, S.; Shanidze, R.; Smith, M. W. E.; Soldin, D.; Spiczak, G. M.; Spiering, C.; Stahlberg, M.; Stamatikos, M.; Stanev, T.; Stanisha, N. A.; Stasik, A.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.; Stößl, A.; Strahler, E. A.; Strom, Lars Rickard; Strotjohann, N. L.; Sullivan, G. W.; Sutherland, M.; Taavola, H.; Taboada, I.; Ter–Antonyan, S.; Terliuk, A.; Tešić, G.; Tilav, S.; Toale, P. A.; Tobin, M. N.; Tosi, D.; Tselengidou, M.; Unger, E.; Usner, M.; Vallecorsa, S.; Eijndhoven, N. van; Vandenbroucke, J.; Santen, J. V.; Vanheule, S.; Veenkamp, J.; Vehring, M.; Vöge, M.; Vraeghe, M.; Walck, C.; Wallraff, M.; Wandkowsky, N.; Weaver, Ch.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whelan, B. J.; Whitehorn, N.; Wichary, C.; Wiebe, K.; Wiebusch, C. H.; Wille, L.; Williams, D. R.; Wissing, H.; Wolf, M.; Wood, T. R.; Woschnagg, K.; Xu, D. L.; Xu, X. W.; Xu, Yunlin; Yañez, J. P.; Yodh, G.; Yoshida, Shigeru; Zarzhitsky, P.; Zoll, M.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.115.081102

Cited by 323 publications

(354 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…1) shows evidence of Galactic emission within latitudes |b| ≤ 10 • above 100 TeV. However, the muon neutrino data from the analysis [5] shown as the red data points ( ) in Fig. 1 do not seem to follow the Galactic Plane in the Northern Hemisphere and challenge this claim.…”

Section: Pos(icrc2015)022mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…By now, the IceCube Collaboration has also seen evidence for this astrophysical TeV-PeV neutrino flux via the classical search of up-going tracks initiated by CC ν µ interactions in the vicinity of the detector [5]. A recent combined analysis of IceCube data [6] sensitive to neutrinos in the 10 TeV to 10 PeV energy range indicates a best-fit power law spectrum of…”

Section: Cosmic Tev-pev Neutrinosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. We also show the 21 most energetic events from the analysis of two years of IceCube data [5] as red data points ( ). The red numbers indicate the most probable neutrino energy if the event has an astrophysical origin following the best-fit spectrum of the analysis.…”

Section: Cosmic Tev-pev Neutrinosmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Multi-Messenger Aspects of Cosmic Neutrinos

Ahlers¹

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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The recent observation of TeV-PeV neutrinos by IceCube has opened a new window to the highenergy Universe. I will discuss this signal in the context of multi-messenger astronomy. For extragalactic source scenarios the corresponding hadronic gamma-rays are not directly observable due to interactions with the cosmic radiation backgrounds. Nevertheless, the isotropic sub-TeV gamma ray background observed by Fermi-LAT contains indirect information from secondary emission produced in electromagnetic cascades. On the other hand, observation of PeV gamma rays would provide a smoking-gun signal for Galactic emission. Interestingly, the overall energy density of the observed neutrino flux is close to a theoretical limit for neutrino production in ultrahigh energy cosmic ray sources and might indicate a common origin of these phenomena. I will highlight various multi-messenger relations and their implications for neutrino source scenarios.

show abstract

Section: Pos(icrc2015)022mentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Cosmic Tev-pev Neutrinosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Messenger Aspects of Cosmic Neutrinos

Ahlers¹

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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“…IceCube is a cubic-kilometer neutrino detector installed in the ice at the geographic South Pole [1] The observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube in events starting in the detector volume [2,3] as well as up-going muons created in charged-current muon-neutrino interactions outside the detector [4,5] strengthens the importance of searches for point-like sources of neutrinos of astrophysical origin. Neutrinos are the ideal astrophysical messenger to study acceleration mechanisms of Cosmic Rays (CRs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presently, the astrophysical signal is compatible with an isotropic distribution, which might be because of the low statistics and large angular uncertainties in the case of events starting in the detector [2], or vast atmospheric backgrounds for through-going muon searches [4,5,6,7]. In order to study in more detail this new neutrino signal, dedicated point-like source searches are performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of neutrino point source searches with 2008-2014 IceCube data above 10 TeV

Coenders¹,

Resconi²

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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The emphasis on point-like source searches for astrophysical neutrinos has recently been strengthened by the unambiguous detection of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube. So far, the limited statistics and angular resolution of the relevant analyses do not resolve more than an isotropic emission of astrophysical neutrinos. We present the results of searches for neutrino emission of point-like sources using six years of integrated IceCube livetime, of which three years use the complete IceCube detector. Focusing on track-like events induced by chargedcurrent muon-neutrinos, a large statistics sample of ∼ 600 000 events on the full sky with median angular resolution between 1 • and 0.4 • , improving with higher energy, has been collected. For the southern hemisphere, the main background consists of bundles of muons created in extensive air-showers in the Earth's atmosphere, whereas the northern hemisphere is dominated by neutrinos created in the same process. Using an unbinned likelihood maximization search for local clustering, IceCube is sensitive to sources in the northern sky with fluxes substantially below E 2 ∂ φ / ∂ E = 10 −12 TeV cm −2 s −1 . We report about the status of these searches and the implications on the nature of the observed flux as well as on single source candidates.

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High‐Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos

Halzen

2021

Annalen der Physik

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The IceCube project transformed a cubic kilometer of transparent natural Antarctic ice into a Cherenkov detector. It discovered PeV‐energy neutrinos originating beyond our galaxy with an energy flux that is comparable to that of GeV‐energy gamma rays and EeV‐energy cosmic rays. These neutrinos provide the only unobstructed view of the cosmic accelerators that power the highest energy radiation reaching us from the universe. The results from IceCube's first decade of operations, foremost the measurement of the diffuse neutrino flux from the universe using multiple techniques is reviewed. The multimessenger data that identified the supermassive black hole TXS 0506+056 as a source of cosmic neutrinos is subsequently reviewed and attention is drawn to accumulating indications that cosmic neutrinos are associated with gamma‐ray‐obscured active galaxies, that is, the energy in gamma rays that accompanies cosmic neutrinos emerges at MeV energies, or below. Reaching beyond 10 PeV energy, cosmic neutrinos provide a natural beam to study neutrinos themselves.

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Evidence for Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos from the Northern Sky with IceCube

Cited by 323 publications

References 43 publications

Multi-Messenger Aspects of Cosmic Neutrinos

Multi-Messenger Aspects of Cosmic Neutrinos

Results of neutrino point source searches with 2008-2014 IceCube data above 10 TeV

High‐Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos

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