Evidence for an early Holocene climatic optimum in the Antarctic deep ice-core record

Ciais, Philippe; Petit, Jean‐Robert; Jouzel, Jean; Lorius, C.; Barkov, N. I.; Lipenkov, V. Ya.; Nicolaïev, V

doi:10.1007/bf00193529

Cited by 72 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The SSS maxima are coeval with a major Holocene climatic cooling in Greenland (Fig. 11) and Antarctica (Ciais et al, 1992). Further upcore, the SSS record shows uniform variations of š0.7‰ around the Holocene mean.…”

Section: Intra-holocene Variations and Periodicities Of The Monsoon Rmentioning

confidence: 91%

East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

et al. 1999

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Based on the study of 10 sediment cores and 40 core-top samples from the South China Sea (SCS) we obtained proxy records of past changes in East Asian monsoon climate on millennial to bidecadal time scales over the last 220,000 years. Climate proxies such as global sea level, estimates of paleotemperature, salinity, and nutrients in surface water, ventilation of deep water, paleowind strength, freshwater lids, fluvial and=or eolian sediment supply, and sediment winnowing on the sea floor were derived from planktonic and benthic stable-isotope records, the distribution of siliciclastic grain sizes, planktonic foraminifera species, and the U K 37 biomarker index. Four cores were AMS-14 C-dated. Two different regimes of monsoon circulation dominated the SCS over the last two glacial cycles, being linked to the minima and maxima of Northern Hemisphere solar insolation. (1) Glacial stages led to a stable estuarine circulation and a strong O 2 -minimum layer via a closure of the Borneo sea strait. Strong northeast monsoon and cool surface water occurred during winter, in part fed by an inflow from the north tip of Luzon. In contrast, summer temperatures were as high as during interglacials, hence the seasonality was strong. Low wetness in subtropical South China was opposed to large river input from the emerged Sunda shelf, serving as glacial refuge for tropical forest. (2) Interglacials were marked by a strong inflow of warm water via the Borneo sea strait, intense upwelling southeast of Vietnam and continental wetness in China during summer, weaker northeast monsoon and high sea-surface temperatures during winter, i.e. low seasonality. On top of the long-term variations we found millennial-to centennial-scale cold and dry, warm and humid spells during the Holocene, glacial Terminations I and II, and Stage 3. The spells were coeval with published variations in the Indian monsoon and probably, with the cold Heinrich and warm Dansgaard-Oeschger events recorded in Greenland ice cores, thus suggesting global climatic teleconnections. Holocene oscillations in the runoff from South China centered around periodicities of 775 years, ascribed to subharmonics of the 1500-year cycle in oceanic thermohaline circulation. 102=84-year cycles are tentatively assigned to the Gleissberg period of solar activity. Phase relationships among various monsoon proxies near the onset of Termination IA suggest that summer-monsoon rains and fluvial runoff from South China had already intensified right after the last glacial maximum (LGM) insolation minimum, coeval with the start of Antarctic ice melt Wang et al. / Marine Geology 156 (1999) prior to the δ 18 O signals of global sea-level rise. Vice versa, the strength of winter-monsoon winds decreased in short centennial steps only 3000-4000 years later, along with the melt of glacial ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Section: Intra-holocene Variations and Periodicities Of The Monsoon Rmentioning

confidence: 91%

East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

et al. 1999

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“…Again, the drill was blocked, at a deeper depth (2546 m) but still in the previous glacial period, ∼ 220 000 yr ago . During the eighties, Soviet drillers recovered two other cores (Ueda and Talalay, 2007): a 850 m ice core extending into the last transition at Komsomolskaïa in 1983 (Nikolaiev et al, 1988;Ciais et al, 1992) and, in 1988, a 780 m core covering the last 30 000 yr at Dome B .…”

Section: Deep Drillings In Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief history of ice core science over the last 50 yr

Jouzel

2013

Clim. Past

104

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Abstract. For about 50 yr, ice cores have provided a wealth of information about past climatic and environmental changes. Ice cores from Greenland, Antarctica and other glacier-covered regions now encompass a variety of time scales. However, the longer time scales (e.g. at least back to the Last Glacial period) are covered by deep ice cores, the number of which is still very limited: seven from Greenland, with only one providing an undisturbed record of a part of the last interglacial period, and a dozen from Antarctica, with the longest record covering the last 800 000 yr. This article aims to summarize this successful adventure initiated by a few pioneers and their teams and to review key scientific results by focusing on climate (in particular water isotopes) and climate-related (e.g. greenhouse gases) reconstructions. Future research is well taken into account by the four projects defined by IPICS. However, it remains a challenge to get an intact record of the Last Interglacial in Greenland and to extend the Antarctic record through the mid-Pleistocene transition, if possible back to 1.5 Ma.

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“…Even if all the records do not permit a frequency analysis because of low temporal resolution, they all clearly showed a significant change around this period. Ciais et al (1992) noted a regional climatic warming of 2 °C around 4500 BP based on western Antarctic ice cores. On land, the expression of the mid-Holocene climate optimum has been reported from numerous sources, especially in marginal coastal locations of Antarctica (e.g. ]…”

Section: Circum-antarctic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence from wavelet analysis for a mid-Holocene transition in global climate forcing

Debret

Sebag

Crosta

et al. 2009

Quaternary Science Reviews

133

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A strong mid-Holocene transition has been identified by wavelet analyses in several sea ice cover records from the circum-Antarctic area, ice core records (Taylor dome, Byrd) and tropical marine records. The results are compared with those previously published in a synthesis of North Atlantic records and with 4 new records from the Norwegian and Icelandic seas and from a coastal site in Ireland. These new records confirm the previous

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Evidence for an early Holocene climatic optimum in the Antarctic deep ice-core record

Abstract: In the interpretation

Cited by 72 publications

References 44 publications

East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

A brief history of ice core science over the last 50 yr

Evidence from wavelet analysis for a mid-Holocene transition in global climate forcing

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