Evidence for abnormalities of cortical development in adolescent-onset schizophrenia

Voets, Natalie L.; Hough, Morgan; Douaud, Gwenaëlle; Matthews, Paul M.; James, Anthony; Winmill, Louise; Webster, Paula; Smith, Stephen M.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.08.013

Cited by 134 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The parietal cortex reaches peak maturity in late childhood (around 7.5 y in girls and 9 in boys 4 ), and parietal abnormalities are present in very early-onset psychosis such as childhood-onset schizophrenia. 5,6 The frontal and temporal cortices mature later during adolescence, 4 and onset of psychosis during this developmental period has been shown to principally affect frontal and temporal regions, [8][9][10][11] as was the case with the SSD group in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Age at First Episode Modulates Diagnosis-Related Structural Brain Abnormalities in Psychosis

Pina‐Camacho¹,

Rey-Mejías

Janssen

et al. 2015

SCHBUL

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Brain volume and thickness abnormalities have been reported in first-episode psychosis (FEP). However, it is unclear if and how they are modulated by brain developmental stage (and, therefore, by age at FEP as a proxy). This is a multicenter cross-sectional case-control brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. Patients with FEP (n = 196), 65.3% males, with a wide age at FEP span (12-35 y), and healthy controls (HC) (n = 157), matched for age, sex, and handedness, were scanned at 6 sites. Gray matter volume and thickness measurements were generated for several brain regions using FreeSurfer software. The nonlinear relationship between age at scan (a proxy for age at FEP in patients) and volume and thickness measurements was explored in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), affective psychoses (AFP), and HC. Earlier SSD cases (ie, FEP before 15-20 y) showed significant volume and thickness deficits in frontal lobe, volume deficits in temporal lobe, and volume enlargements in ventricular system and basal ganglia. First-episode AFP patients had smaller cingulate cortex volume and thicker temporal cortex only at early age at FEP (before 18-20 y). The AFP group also had age-constant (12-35-y age span) volume enlargements in the frontal and parietal lobe. Our study suggests that age at first episode modulates the structural brain abnormalities found in FEP patients in a nonlinear and diagnosis-dependent manner. Future MRI studies should take these results into account when interpreting samples with different ages at onset and diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Age at First Episode Modulates Diagnosis-Related Structural Brain Abnormalities in Psychosis

Pina‐Camacho¹,

Rey-Mejías

Janssen

et al. 2015

SCHBUL

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“…Decreased volume and cortical thickness of the precuneus in schizophrenia have also been detected in previous studies [50,54,[68][69][70] , but are relatively rarely reported compared with the prefrontal and temporal lobes. A decreased volume of the precuneus has not been reported in drugnaive, first-episode schizophrenic patients [33,35] , but was found in patients with the Met158/Met158 genotype in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…found that differences in local surface area accounted for the GMV changes [50] . Moreover, although high heritability was detected in both the total cortical surface area and the average cortical thickness (0.89 and 0.81, respectively), no essential related genetics were found for them (genetic correlation = 0.08), which implied that GMV might be infl uenced by at least two distinct genetic sources [51] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Morphological changes in gray matter volume correlate with catechol-O-methyl transferase gene Val158Met polymorphism in first-episode treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia

Xiang

et al. 2015

Neurosci. Bull.

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The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is a schizophrenia susceptibility gene. A common functional polymorphism of this gene, Val158/158Met, has been proposed to infl uence gray matter volume (GMV). However, the effects of this polymorphism on cortical thickness/ surface area in schizophrenic patients are less clear.In this study, we explored the relationship between the Val158Met polymorphism of the COMT gene and the GMV/ cortical thickness/cortical surface area in 150 firstepisode treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia and 100 healthy controls. Main effects of diagnosis were found for GMV in the cerebellum and the visual, medial temporal, parietal, and middle frontal cortex. Patients with schizophrenia showed reduced GMVs in these regions. And main effects of genotype were detected for GMV in the left superior frontal gyrus. Moreover, a diagnosis × genotype interaction was found for the GMV of the left precuneus, and the effect of the COMT gene on GMV was due mainly to cortical thickness rather than cortical surface area. In addition, a pattern of increased GMV in the precuneus with increasing Met dose found in healthy controls was lost in patients with schizophrenia. These findings suggest that the COMT Met variant is associated with the disruption of dopaminergic influence on gray matter in schizophrenia, and the effect of the COMT gene on GMV in schizophrenia is mainly due to changes in cortical thickness rather than in cortical surface area.

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“…32 Although both techniques lead to similar results in frontal regions, there is little overlap between results in the temporal and occipital lobes. Such discrepancies have been noted previously 85,86 and most likely reflect different approaches to image normalization and registration, which may lead to differential spatial patterns of variance and thus to differential spatial sensitivity to a fixed effect size. Betweengroup tests on the basis of different volume metrics are hence conditioned by the variance and consequently yield to different patterns of results.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 79%

Brain Surface Anatomy in Adults With Autism

Ecker¹,

Ginestet²,

Feng³

et al. 2013

JAMA Psychiatry

194

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Neuroimaging studies of brain anatomy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have mostly been based on measures of cortical volume (CV). However, CV is a product of 2 distinct parameters, cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA), that in turn have distinct genetic and developmental origins.Objective: To investigate regional differences in CV, SA, and CT as well as their relationship in a large and well-characterized sample of men with ASD and matched controls.Design: Multicenter case-control design using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.

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Evidence for abnormalities of cortical development in adolescent-onset schizophrenia

Cited by 134 publications

References 59 publications

Age at First Episode Modulates Diagnosis-Related Structural Brain Abnormalities in Psychosis

Age at First Episode Modulates Diagnosis-Related Structural Brain Abnormalities in Psychosis

Morphological changes in gray matter volume correlate with catechol-O-methyl transferase gene Val158Met polymorphism in first-episode treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia

Brain Surface Anatomy in Adults With Autism

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