Evidence for a shift in defence driving the invasion success of Acacia longifolia in Australia

Manea, Anthony; Tabassum, Samiya; Carthey, Alexandra J. R.; Cameron, Donald N. S.; Leishman, Michelle R.

doi:10.1007/s10530-019-01968-0

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…We observed reduced concentrations of flavonoids in invasive L. salicaria populations, which can play a role as digestibility reducers (Treutter 2006). This observation is consistent with observations in other species (Manea et al 2019). However, flavonoids can have different functions and can also act as phagostimulants to some specialist herbivores, antibiotics and as UV protection (Treutter 2006).…”

Section: Evidence For the Shifting Defense Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 91%

Metabolomic profiling reveals shifts in defenses of an invasive plant

et al. 2023

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Section: Evidence For the Shifting Defense Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 91%

Metabolomic profiling reveals shifts in defenses of an invasive plant

et al. 2023

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“…We defined exotic plant species as those introduced by humans to a biogeographically different part of the world than where they originated, usually to a different continent, though we also included islands (see Manea et al, 2019). Europe and Asia were grouped as Eurasia (see Engelkes et al, 2008; van Grunsven et al, 2010).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EICA is dead? Long live the EICA!

et al. 2022

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An important hypothesis for how plants respond to introduction to new ranges is the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA). EICA predicts that biogeographical release from natural enemies initiates a trade‐off in which exotic species in non‐native ranges become larger and more competitive, but invest less in consumer defences, relative to populations in native ranges. This trade‐off is exceptionally complex because detecting concomitant biogeographical shifts in competitive ability and consumer defence depends upon which traits are targeted, how competition is measured, the defence chemicals quantified, whether defence chemicals do more than defend, whether ‘herbivory’ is artificial or natural, and where consumers fall on the generalist‐specialist spectrum. Previous meta‐analyses have successfully identified patterns but have yet to fully disentangle this complexity. We used meta‐analysis to reevaluate traditional metrics used to test EICA theory and then expanded on these metrics by partitioning competitive effect and competitive tolerance measures and testing Leaf‐Specific Mass in detail as a response trait. Unlike previous syntheses, our meta‐analyses detected evidence consistent with the classic trade‐off inherent to EICA. Plants from non‐native ranges imposed greater competitive effects than plants from native ranges and were less quantitatively defended than plants from native ranges. Our results for defence were not based on complex leaf chemistry, but instead were estimated from tannins, toughness traits and primarily Leaf‐Specific Mass. Species specificity occurred but did not influence the general patterns. As for all evidence for EICA‐like trade‐offs, we do not know if the biogeographical differences we found were caused by trade‐offs per se, but they are consistent with predictions derived from the overarching hypothesis. Underestimating physical leaf structure may have contributed to two decades of tepid perspectives on the trade‐offs fundamental to EICA.

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“…After this equilibration period, a solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) fibre (red 100 lm polydimethylsiloxane; Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA) enclosed within a 24-Ga manual holder (Supelco) was introduced through the foil sealing the spout of the beaker and exposed to the headspace for 20 min until equilibrium between the headspace and fibre was reached. These VOC sampling methods are adapted from widely used techniques to assess the composition and quantities of plant VOC emissions in ecological studies (Low et al 2014;Stutz et al 2016;Manea et al 2019). All sampling was performed within an A1000 growth cabinet with CMP 6010 controller (Conviron, Winnipeg, MB, Canada) to ensure that temperature (25°C), RH (70%) and PAR (1100 µmol m À2 s À1 ) were constant across samples.…”

Section: Terpene and Green Leaf Volatile Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eucalyptus species maintain secondary metabolite production under water stress conditions at the expense of growth

2021

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Plants have evolved a vast array of secondary metabolites that help defend them against natural enemy attack. The production of these secondary metabolites is influenced by environmental factors, such as temperature, rainfall (soil water availability) and atmospheric [CO 2 ], which may be altered under climate change. This study aimed to test how two of these environmental factors, namely soil water availability and [CO 2 ], will affect secondary metabolite and biomass production in Eucalypts. To investigate this, we measured secondary metabolite and biomass production of three Eucalypt species (Eucalyptus grandis, E. moluccana, E. saligna) grown under ambient and elevated [CO 2 ] (400 and 600 ppm, respectively) and water-stressed and well-watered conditions, in a fully factorial glasshouse experiment. The secondary metabolites measured were foliar phenolic concentration as well as terpene and green leaf volatile emissions. We found that water stress did not alter secondary metabolite production. Unsurprisingly, the water-stressed plants maximised their water uptake potential by reducing shoot biomass but maintaining root biomass. The detrimental effects of water stress on shoot biomass production were not reduced under elevated [CO 2 ] compared to ambient [CO 2 ], despite all species experiencing significant reductions in stomatal conductance. Further, [CO 2 ] as a single factor did not have a significant effect on species' net carbon gain, with an increase in green leaf volatile emissions under elevated [CO 2 ] being mitigated by a reduction in shoot biomass production. These results suggest that reductions in carbon gains due to water stress will affect the growth of Eucalypts rather than their chemical defence capabilities.

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Evidence for a shift in defence driving the invasion success of Acacia longifolia in Australia

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Metabolomic profiling reveals shifts in defenses of an invasive plant

Metabolomic profiling reveals shifts in defenses of an invasive plant

The EICA is dead? Long live the EICA!

Eucalyptus species maintain secondary metabolite production under water stress conditions at the expense of growth

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