Evidence for a LOS and a capsular polysaccharide in Capnocytophaga canimorsus

Renzi, Francesco; Ittig, Simon; Sadovskaya, Irina; Hess, Estelle; Lauber, Frédéric; Dol, Mélanie; Shin, Hwain; Mally, Manuela; Fiechter, Chantal; Sauder, Ursula; Chami, Mohamed; Cornelis, Guy R.

doi:10.1038/srep38914

Cited by 20 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…Tenacibaculum species on the other hand are commonly associated with marine organisms such as sponges and macroalgae (Suzuki et al, 2001), with T. maritimum recognized as an important pathogen on marine fish (Pérez-Pascual et al, 2017). Among the three non-marine groups, the group IIa is composed exclusively of the genus Capnocytophaga, which is an oral commensal lineage in animals but that can cause fatal infections in humans (Manfredi et al, 2011;Renzi et al, 2016). The non-marine group III is comprised of the genera Flavobacterium and Myroides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated evolutionary transitions of flavobacteria from marine to non‐marine habitats

Zhang

Yoshizawa

Sun

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary The taxonomy of marine and non‐marine organisms rarely overlap, but the mechanisms underlying this distinction are often unknown. Here, we predicted three major ocean‐to‐land transitions in the evolutionary history of Flavobacteriaceae, a family known for polysaccharide and peptide degradation. These unidirectional transitions were associated with repeated losses of marine signature genes and repeated gains of non‐marine adaptive genes. This included various Na+‐dependent transporters, osmolyte transporters and glycoside hydrolases (GH) for sulfated polysaccharide utilization in marine descendants, and in non‐marine descendants genes for utilizing the land plant material pectin and genes facilitating terrestrial host interactions. The K+ scavenging ATPase was repeatedly gained whereas the corresponding low‐affinity transporter repeatedly lost upon transitions, reflecting K+ ions are less available to non‐marine bacteria. Strikingly, the central metabolism Na+‐translocating NADH: quinone dehydrogenase gene was repeatedly gained in marine descendants, whereas the H+‐translocating counterpart was repeatedly gained in non‐marine lineages. Furthermore, GH genes were depleted in isolates colonizing animal hosts but abundant in bacteria inhabiting other non‐marine niches; thus relative abundances of GH versus peptidase genes among Flavobacteriaceae lineages were inconsistent with the marine versus non‐marine dichotomy. We suggest that phylogenomic analyses can cast novel light on mechanisms explaining the distribution and ecology of key microbiome components.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated evolutionary transitions of flavobacteria from marine to non‐marine habitats

Zhang

Yoshizawa

Sun

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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“…In particular, C. canimorsus mostly frequently causes systemic infections in humans, the mortality rate of such sepsis being 26% . C. canimorsus can reportedly escape from the bactericidal activity of the innate immune system and is able to deglycosylate human IgM . C. cynodegmi and C. stomatis are occasionally associated with wound infections .…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of three strains of Capnocytophaga canis isolated from patients with sepsis

Suzuki

Imaoka

Haga

et al. 2018

Microbiology and Immunology

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Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi, both commensal bacteria in the oral cavities of dogs and cats, are zoonotic pathogens. In particular, C. canimorsus causes sepsis and fatal septic shock. Recently, a novel Capnocytophaga species, C. canis, was isolated from the oral cavities of healthy dogs. It is reportedly oxidase-negative and therefore considered avirulent in humans. In the present study, three strains of C. canis were isolated from Japanese patients with sepsis. All three strains, HP20001, HP33001 and HP40001, were oxidase-positive. Nucleotide sequence identities of the 16S rRNA gene of the three strains to the C. canimorsus type strain ATCC35979, C. cynodegmi type strain ATCC49044 and C. canis type strain LMG29146 were 96.9-97.0%, 96.9-97.0% and 99.7-99.8%, respectively. Multi-locus sequence analysis based on seven house-keeping genes, dnaJ, fumC, glyA, gyrB, murG, trpB and tuf, revealed that the oxidase-positive C. canis strains isolated in Japan and oxidase-negative strains of C. canis from canine oral cavities in Switzerland were clustered in different genetic subgroups. These results indicate that the virulence of C. canis strains in humans is associated with oxidase activity.

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“…In our previous work, we showed that C. canimorsus is endowed with capsular polysaccharides and that the majority of human-isolated strains exhibit capsule type A, B, or C, suggesting that these three capsular serovars are more virulent to humans 13 , 14 . In this study, we confirmed the prevalence of C. canimorsus capsular serovars A, B, and C in a larger collection of human-isolated strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The commonality of some capsular serovars in these three species might result from genetic transfers of the capsular genes. This hypothesis is supported by the genetic organization of the C. canimorsus capsular genes, which are organized in loci including genes coding for transposases 13 . Whether Capnocytophaga species exchange their capsular genes is an open question that requires further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, we reported the discovery of a capsular polysaccharide at the surface of C. canimorsus cells, composed of the same polysaccharide units as the lipooligosaccharide O-antigen 13 . While the repertoire of capsular serovars is extensive among strains isolated from dog mouths, three serovars, named A, B, and C, are predominant, worldwide, among human infections 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capsular serovars of virulent Capnocytophaga canimorsus are shared by the closely related species C. canis and C. cynodegmi

Renzi

Hess

Dol

et al. 2018

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a dog oral commensal bacterium that causes rare but life-threatening generalized infections in humans who have been in contact with its animal hosts. Two other dog commensals, Capnocytophaga canis and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi, cause rare, mild local infections. To date, nine capsular serovars have been described in C. canimorsus. Here, we serotyped 112 strains of Capnocytophaga spp. isolated from human infections. The C. canimorsus strains (86 of 96, 89.6%) belonged to serovars A, B, or C with relative frequencies of approximately 30% for each serovar. The high prevalence of the A, B, and C serovars in strains isolated from humans, compared to the previously described low prevalence of these serovars among dog isolates (7.6%), confirms that these three serovars are more virulent to humans than other serovars and suggests that the low incidence of disease may be linked to the low prevalence of the A, B, and C serovars in dogs. We serotyped six strains of C. canis and ten strains of C. cynodegmi and, surprisingly, found one C. canis and three C. cynodegmi strains to be of capsular serovar B. This observation prompted us to test 34 dog-isolated C. canis and 16 dog-isolated C. cynodegmi strains. We found four C. canis strains belonging to serovar A and one belonging to serovar F. In contrast, no dog-isolated C. cynodegmi strain could be typed with the available antisera. This work demonstrates that virulence-associated capsular polysaccharides (A, B, and C) are not specific to the C. canimorsus species.

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Evidence for a LOS and a capsular polysaccharide in Capnocytophaga canimorsus

Cited by 20 publications

References 81 publications

Repeated evolutionary transitions of flavobacteria from marine to non‐marine habitats

Repeated evolutionary transitions of flavobacteria from marine to non‐marine habitats

Characterization of three strains of Capnocytophaga canis isolated from patients with sepsis

Capsular serovars of virulent Capnocytophaga canimorsus are shared by the closely related species C. canis and C. cynodegmi

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