Evidence for a gapless Dirac spin-liquid ground state in a spin-3/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet

Liu, Jiabin; Liu, Benqiong; Yuan, Long; Li, Boqiang; Xie, Lei; Chen, Xiping; Zhang, Hongxia; Xu, Daye; Tong, Wei; Wang, Jinchen; Li, Yuesheng

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2010.02001

2020

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2010.02001

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Evidence for a gapless Dirac spin-liquid ground state in a spin-3/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet

Jiabin Liu,

Benqiong Liu,

Long Yuan

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…We therefore conclude that U (3), U (2) × Z 2 , U (1) × Z 2 × Z 2 and U (1) B phases all contain spin triplet monopoles at K that can contribute to neutron scattering spectral weight, consistent with experimental observation [1]. We can further demand that the DSL should have a direct, continuous transition to the 120 • magnetic order.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…While previous theories and experiments focused mainly on S = 1/2 spin systems, more recently signals of a DSL were detected in an S = 3/2 system α-CrOOH(D) in Ref. [1]. In this work we develop a theory of DSLs on triangular lattice with spin-S moments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…More recently [1] DSL-like behaviors were also observed in an S = 3/2 triangular system α-CrOOH(D) (delafossites green-grey powder): the system does not order down to ∼ 2K which is much lower than the Curie temperature θ CW ∼ −211.6(5)K; the specific heat behaves roughly as C ∼ T 2.2 which is consistent with a relativistic critical state with C ∼ T 2 ; furthermore the spectral weight in neutron scattering (again on powders) accumulates around the K, K points which is similar to the S = 1/2 case. Assuming these signatures indeed come from a spin liquid phase at low energy, the obvious question is: what kind of spin liquid is it?…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If N c > 3, the U (3) DSL will be a stable gapless phase that could be realized in materials like α-CrOOH(D). 1 In U (1) DSL for S = 1/2 systems, monopole operators of the U (1) gauge field form an important class of critical fluctuation [22][23][24][25]34]. This is also true for general U (2S) DSLs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The U (1) A and U (1) B phases require more analysis. This can be done by first considering an intermediate state with U (1) (1) × U (1) (2) × U (1) (3) gauge field, where the gauge field A (a) of each U (1) (a) only couples to f a . This is simply three copies of QED 3 , each with triplet monopoles at momentum K. Now U (1) A and U (1) B phases are obtained by Higgsing the U (1) ⊗3 gauge symmetry down to a single U (1), with gauge field A.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of Dirac spin liquids on spin-$S$ triangular lattice: possible application to $α$-CrOOH(D)

Calvera,

Wang

2020

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Triangular lattice quantum antiferromagnet has recently emerged to be a promising playground for realizing Dirac spin liquids (DSLs) -a class of highly entangled quantum phases hosting emergent gauge fields and gapless Dirac fermions. While previous theories and experiments focused mainly on S = 1/2 spin systems, more recently signals of a DSL were detected in an S = 3/2 system α-CrOOH(D) in Ref. [1]. In this work we develop a theory of DSLs on triangular lattice with spin-S moments. We argue that in the most natural scenario, a spin-S system realizes a U (2S) DSL, described at low energy by gapless Dirac fermions coupled with an emergent U (2S) gauge field (also known as U (2S) QCD3). An appealing feature of this scenario is that at sufficiently large S, the U (2S) QCD becomes intrinsically unstable toward spontaneous symmetry breaking and confinement. The confined phase is simply the 120 • coplanar magnetic order, which agrees with semiclassical (large-S) results on simple Heisenberg-like models. Other scenarios are nevertheless possible, especially at small S when quantum fluctuations are strong. For S = 3/2, we argue that a U (1) DSL is also theoretically possible and phenomenologically compatible with existing measurements. One way to distinguish the U (3) DSL from the U (1) DSL is to break time-reversal symmetry, for example by adding a spin chirality term Si • (Sj × S k ) in numerical simulations: the U (1) DSL becomes the standard Kalmeyer-Laughlin chiral spin liquid with semion/anti-semion excitation; the U (3) DSL, in contrast, becomes a non-abelian chiral spin liquid described by the SU (2)3 topological order, with Fibonacci-like anyons.

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supporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of Dirac spin liquids on spin-$S$ triangular lattice: possible application to $α$-CrOOH(D)

Calvera,

Wang

2020

Preprint

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Theory of Dirac Spin-Orbital Liquids: monopoles, anomalies, and applications to $SU(4)$ honeycomb models

Calvera,

Wang

2021

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Dirac spin liquids represent a class of highly-entangled quantum phases in two dimensional Mott insulators, featuring exotic properties such as critical correlation functions and absence of welldefined low energy quasi-particles. Existing numerical works suggest that the spin-orbital SU (4) symmetric Kugel-Khomskii model of Mott insulators on the honeycomb lattice realizes a Dirac spinorbital liquid, described at low energy by (2 + 1)d quantum electrodynamics (QED3) with N f = 8 Dirac fermions. In this work we generalize methods previously developed for SU (2) spin systems to analyze the symmetry properties and stability of the Dirac spin-orbital liquid. We conclude that the standard Dirac state in the SU (4) honeycomb system, based on a simple parton mean-field ansatz, is intrinsically unstable at low energy due to the existence of a monopole perturbation that is allowed by physical symmetries and relevant under renormalization group flow. We propose two plausible alternative scenarios compatible with existing numerics. In the first scenario, we propose an alternative U (1) Dirac spin-orbital liquid, which is similar to the standard one except for its monopole symmetry quantum numbers. This alternative U (1) state represents a stable gapless phase. In the second scenario, we start from the standard U (1) Dirac liquid and Higgs the U (1) gauge symmetry down to Z4. The resulting Z4 Dirac spin-orbital liquid is stable. We also discuss the continuous quantum phase transitions from the Z4 Dirac liquids to conventional symmetry-breaking orders, described by the QED3 theory with N f = 8 supplemented with a critical charge-4 Higgs field. We discuss possible ways to distinguish these scenarios in numerics. We also extend previous calculations of the quantum anomalies of QED3 and match with generalized lattice Lieb-Schultz-Mattis constraints.

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Evidence for a gapless Dirac spin-liquid ground state in a spin-3/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet

Cited by 2 publications

References 82 publications

Theory of Dirac spin liquids on spin-$S$ triangular lattice: possible application to $α$-CrOOH(D)

Theory of Dirac spin liquids on spin-$S$ triangular lattice: possible application to $α$-CrOOH(D)

Theory of Dirac Spin-Orbital Liquids: monopoles, anomalies, and applications to $SU(4)$ honeycomb models

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