Evidence for a Different Response of Red and White Skeletal Muscle of the Rat in Different Thyroid States

Janssen, J.W.; Hardeveld, C. van; Kassenaar, A. A. H.

doi:10.1530/acta.0.0870768

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Conversely, no change was found in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) [11,123], a white muscle mainly composed of fast-twitch glycolitic fibres (Type IIb). These results are consistent with early observations that red, but not white muscles, are sensitive to thyroid hormones [124,125]. Lipid peroxidation was also increased by thyroid hormone in rat gastrocnemious [110,126], a mixed fibre muscle also containing fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fibers (type IIa), but was decreased in the white portion of such a muscle [12].…”

Section: Oxidative Stress In Experimental Hyperthyroidism and Hypothysupporting

confidence: 92%

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism

Petrulea¹,

Muresan²,

Duncea³

2012

Antioxidant Enzyme

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Section: Oxidative Stress In Experimental Hyperthyroidism and Hypothysupporting

confidence: 92%

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism

Petrulea¹,

Muresan²,

Duncea³

2012

Antioxidant Enzyme

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“…Studies have shown that after 4-6 wk of hypothyroidism due to thyroidectomy, biochemical and physiological changes occur in muscles (4, 9, 15). Body weight increased only slightly to 245±10 g during this 2-mo period (normal rats gained 100-150 g during the same time), a feature consistant with other studies of rat hypothyroidism (8). Serum T4 levels were undetectable at the time of NMR testing (normal 6.05+±1.55 Mg/dl, ±2 SD, n = 16).…”

Section: Animalssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Furthermore, the activities of several key mitochondrial enzymes are reduced (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). The latter is more pronounced in slow twitch, red muscles compared with fast, white muscles (7,8). Oxidative metabolism of these transformed fibers should be less efficient in hypothyroidism, yet Wiles et al (10, 1 1) found diminished fatigability in human hypothyroid muscles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased thyroid hormone levels result in increased mitochondrial enzymes activity in muscle and this is again more pronounced in slow fibers (8,(14)(15)(16)(17). Muscle bioenergetic studies have been less conclusive in hyperthyroidism; ATP turnover was increased in a single case compared with controls (10), while rats showed no significant changes (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of thyroid hormones on skeletal muscle bioenergetics. In vivo phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of humans and rats.

et al. 1988

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The pathophysiology of the myopathy in dysthyroid states is poorly understood. We therefore tested the effects of thyroid hormones on muscle bioenergetics in humans and rats, using in vivo 31P NMR. Two hypothyroid patients had: low phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate ratio (PCr/Pi) at rest, increased PCr depletion during exercise and delayed postexercise recovery of PCr/Pi. Eight thyroidectomized rats did not show abnormalities at rest, but muscle work induced by nerve stimulation resulted in a significantly (P < 0.0001) lower PCr/ Pi (3545% of control) at each of the three stimulation frequencies tested (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 Hz). Recovery rate was markedly slowed to one-third of normal values. Thyroxine therapy reversed these abnormalities in both human and rat muscle. Five patients and six rats with hyperthyroidism did not differ from normal controls during rest and exercise but had an unusually rapid recovery after exercise. The bioenergetic abnormalities in hypothyroid muscle suggest the existence of a hormone-dependent, reversible mitochondrial impairment in this disorder. The exercise intolerance and fatigue experienced in hypothyroid muscle may be due to such a bioenergetic impairment. The changes in energy metabolism in hyperthyroid muscle probably do not cause the muscular disease in this disorder.

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“…1971) who found that doses of250 jug ofT3/kg body weight for 8 days resulted in an increase in mitochondrial cz-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in the soleus muscle of the rat while no change could be detected in the rectus femoris, a muscle made of mostly f.g. fibres. Janssen, van Hardeveld & Kassenaar (1978) also found that 2 weeks of T4 administration was enough to increase the activities of mitochondrial aglycerophosphate and succinate dehydrogenase in 'red' muscle while no changes were found in 'white' muscle even after 4 weeks of treatment. The results of Winder et al (1975) could be due to the fact that they used muscles with heterogeneous fibre populations and the responses of some other fibre types to thyroid hormones could have been masked by the lack of response of some other fibre types.…”

Section: Fibre Compositionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The effect of hyperthyroidism on capillarity and oxidative capacity in rat soleus and gastrocnemius muscles.

Capó¹,

Sillau²

1983

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Muscle fibre composition and capillarity were evaluated in frozen sections stained for myosin ATPase of the soleus and the white area of the medial head of the gastrocnemius of rats made hyperthyroid by injections of triiodothyronine (300-400 ,ug/kg body weight, every other day) for 2, 3 and 4 weeks.2. 02 consumption of homogenates of these muscles in the presence of excess inorganic phosphate (Pi) and ADP with pyruvate and malate as substrates was also measured. 3. Increased oxidative capacity was observed in the soleus homogenates of hyperthyroid animals after 2 weeks of treatment while no changes were observed in the oxidative capacity of the homogenates of the white area of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, even after 4 weeks of treatment.4. Hyperthyroid animals showed a greater capillarity than controls in both muscles. In the soleus this was evident after 2 weeks of treatment while in the white area of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, it was evident only after 4 weeks of treatment.5. Fibre composition was affected in the soleus after 4 weeks of treatment. In control animals two fibre types were present in the soleus: slow-twitch oxidative fibres (s.o. or type I fibres) with a high ATPase activity after acid pre-incubation and fast-twitch glycolytic oxidative fibres (f.o.g. or type IIa fibres) with a low ATPase activity after acid pre-incubation. In the soleus of the hyperthyroid animals, a third fibre type with intermediate ATPase activity after acid pre-incubation was also present. This most probably represents a change in the type of myosin being synthesized by some fibres. No changes in fibre composition were observed in the white area of medial head ofthe gastrocnemius which was made up of only fast-twitch glycolytic fibres (f.g. or type IIb fibres).6. The changes in oxidative capacity and capillarity in the soleus preceded and did not seem to be related to the changes in the type of myosin being synthesized.7. The increased capillarity found in the white area of the medial head of the gastrocnemius of the hyperthyroid animals, in the absence of an increase in the * To whom reprint requests should be addressed.

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Evidence for a Different Response of Red and White Skeletal Muscle of the Rat in Different Thyroid States

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism

Effects of thyroid hormones on skeletal muscle bioenergetics. In vivo phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of humans and rats.

The effect of hyperthyroidism on capillarity and oxidative capacity in rat soleus and gastrocnemius muscles.

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