Evidence based practice guidelines for the nutritional management of cancer cachexia

Bauer, Judy; Ash, Susan; Davidson, Wendy; Hill, J.; Brown, Teresa; Isenring, Elisabeth; Reeves, Marina M.

doi:10.1111/j.1747-0080.2006.00099.x

Cited by 74 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For patients with advanced cancer an EI/BW of at least 29 kcal (120 kJ) per kg per day is suggested for weight maintenance [14]. In our study the median EI/BW was below this energy requirement at almost every follow-up visit, most patients had an EI/BW incompatible with energy balance and weight loss seemed to be inevitable.…”

Section: Weight Loss and Eimentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The Norwegian food composition tables [18] were used as the nutrient database supplemented with own recipes, brand information, and data from Danish [19] and Swedish food composition tables [20]. Energy requirement for weight stabilisation was set to approximately 29 kcal (120 kJ)/kg per day [14] .…”

Section: Dietary Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies have been cross-sectional, and the registrations show intakes insufficient to maintain stable weight [5,6,12,13]. EI in patients with PC is reported to range from 1000 kcal up to 2500 kcal per day [11,14,15]. The primary aim of this prospective study was to study temporal changes in EI and weight loss in patients with advanced PC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Symptoms in advanced pancreatic cancer are of importance for energy intake

Bye

Jordhøy

Skjegstad

et al. 2012

Support Care Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Cancer cachexia and low energy intake (EI) probably contribute to weight loss in advanced pancreatic cancer (PC). However, little is known about the actual EI in this disease. Aims were to assess EI, weight loss and symptoms during the disease course and investigate associations between symptoms and EI.Methods: Thirty-nine patients (21 males) with advanced PC were consecutively included and followed every 4 weeks until the end of life. A 24-hour dietary recall was used to assess EI. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) and the PC-specific health-related quality of life questionnaire (QLQ-PAN26) were used for symptom assessment. Conclusion:In this study several symptoms influenced EI negatively. Low EI did not completely explain weight loss in this patient group, but careful monitoring and early follow-up of symptoms may be important interventions to reduce weight loss in advanced PC.

show abstract

Section: Weight Loss and Eimentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Dietary Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Symptoms in advanced pancreatic cancer are of importance for energy intake

Bye

Jordhøy

Skjegstad

et al. 2012

Support Care Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Taken together, these data provide a rationale for the use of strategies to limit and treat weight loss as part of care for people with cancer and indeed nutritional management is a widely accepted strategy recommended by a number of bodies (7)(8)(9) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

The effectiveness of nutritional interventions in malnutrition and cachexia

Baldwin

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conference on 'Nutrition and age-related muscle loss, sarcopenia and cachexia' Symposium 3: Nutrition for prevention and interventions for sarcopenia and cachexiaThe effectiveness of nutritional interventions in malnutrition and cachexia There are similarities and differences between definitions of both malnutrition and cachexia and studies of oral nutritional interventions have failed to use standard criteria at study inclusion contributing to heterogeneity amongst studies. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials has suggested limited evidence of benefit to nutritional and clinical outcomes but some improvements to aspects of quality of life. The presence of cachexia in patients with cancer might explain the limited efficacy of simple oral nutritional interventions, which lack a component designed to address metabolic abnormalities associated with cachexia. Novel strategies combining nutritional support with therapeutic agents designed to down-regulate the metabolic aberrations have failed to demonstrate consistent benefits and the results of multimodal treatments combining several interventions are awaited. There is a need for intervention studies recruiting patients early in the disease course, which underlines the need for definitions which predict poor outcome and hence allow early recognition of vulnerable patients. Christine Baldwin Malnutrition: Cachexia: Oral nutritional support: Systematic review: Meta-analysisThe most recent data indicate that worldwide there were about 14 million new cases of cancer diagnosed in 2012 and greater than 330 000 diagnoses being made in the UK in 2011 (1,2) . Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide and it is estimated that that 8·2 million people died from cancer in 2012 with about 162 000 deaths from cancer in the UK (1) . Despite the dismal nature of these data, more than half of people diagnosed with cancer will survive for 10 years or more; (1) therefore efforts to maximise the ability of patients to respond to treatment and to achieve a good quality of life are paramount. The morbidity experienced by people with cancer arises from the presence of disease and from the side-effects of treatment. The presence, number and intensity of symptoms are likely to account for a large amount of the suffering experienced by patients. Weight loss is a common symptom in people diagnosed with cancer. A pooled prevalence for any amount of weight loss of 46 (95 % CI 34, 59) % was reported by a systematic review of symptom prevalence in people with incurable cancer (3) . Amounts of weight loss vary according to the site and stage of disease. A retrospective review of 3047 patients with different cancers entering clinical trials, reported a prevalence varying from 31 % to 87 % with the greatest amounts of weight loss found in patients with cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract (4) . In a group of patients with advanced

show abstract

“…Malnutrition is a common finding in patients presenting for surgical management of gastrointestinal malignancies, with an estimated prevalence in this group of 40% to 80% [1] . A complex mix of factors, such as tumour location, tumour type, stage of disease, and preoperative radiation and/or chemotherapy treatments, might predispose patients to malnutrition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early postoperative feeding in resectional gastrointestinal surgical cancer patients

Osland¹,

Memon

2010

WJGO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malnutrition is present in the majority of patients presenting for surgical management of gastrointestinal malignancies, due to the effects of the tumour and preoperative anti-neoplastic treatments. The traditional practice of fasting patients until the resumption of bowel function threatens to further contribute to the malnutrition experienced by these patients. Furthermore, the rationale behind this traditional practice has been rendered obsolete through developments in anaesthetic agents and changes to postoperative analgesia practices. Conversely, there is a growing body of literature that consistently demonstrates that providing oral or tube feeding proximal to the anastomosis within 24 h postoperatively, is not only safe, but might be associated with significant benefits to the postoperative course. Early post operative feeding should therefore be adopted as a standard of care in oncology patients undergoing gastrointestinal resections.

show abstract

Evidence based practice guidelines for the nutritional management of cancer cachexia

Cited by 74 publications

References 76 publications

Symptoms in advanced pancreatic cancer are of importance for energy intake

Symptoms in advanced pancreatic cancer are of importance for energy intake

The effectiveness of nutritional interventions in malnutrition and cachexia

Early postoperative feeding in resectional gastrointestinal surgical cancer patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About