Evidence-Based Nursing-Sensitive Indicators for Patients Hospitalized with Depression in Thailand

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop and validate nursing-sensitive indicators for patients hospitalized with depression in Thailand. The initial draft, consisting of 12 categories with 37 subcategories, was then evaluated by experts in the US and Thailand. Hospital records were then utilized to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the indicators. The finalized instrument consisted of 11 categories with 43 items with a validity of .98 and internal consistency of .88. This is the first set of indicators developed to evaluate nursing-sensitivity for patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of depression in Thailand. Having nursing indicators for depressed patients provides nurses with concrete tools to evaluate their work with depressed patients, allowing these staff to assess their work in a very specific, methodical, and consistent manner. When problems are discovered, both the staff and administration can work to address these issues through training, procedural changes, and departmental shifts.

Pesticide Residue Transfer in Thai Farmer Families: Using Structural Equation Modeling To Determine Exposure Pathways

“…Traditionally, farming in Thailand has been self-sufficient in using only natural fertilizers. However, following trends in other countries, pesticide usage, as well as production, in Thailand has also been increasing over the past 20 years . In 2010, Thailand imported approximately 118 152 tons of pesticides, which were primarily herbicides (85 821 tons) but also insecticides (19 709 tons) and fungicides (8485 tons).…”

“…However, following trends in other countries, pesticide usage, as well as production, in Thailand has also been increasing over the past 20 years. 20 In 2010, Thailand imported approximately 118 152 tons of pesticides, which were primarily herbicides (85 821 tons) but also insecticides (19 709 tons) and fungicides (8485 tons). The majority of pesticides, ∼60%, are used for control of disease vectors (especially malaria and dengue), with about 39% used in agriculture and the remaining 1% for household use.…”