Evidence‐based Management: From Theory to Practice in Health Care

Walshe, Kieran; Rundall, Thomas G.

doi:10.1111/1468-0009.00214

Cited by 429 publications

(394 citation statements)

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“…The rise of evidence-based medicine was prompted by wide variations in clinical practice, poor uptake of effective therapies, and persistent use of ineffective technologies. 2 Similar patterns have been observed in other fields, including social care, education and public health. The assumption is that closing the research-practice gap leads to more effective policy and practice, both in terms of cost and clinical outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Exploring conceptualizations of knowledge translation, transfer and exchange across public health in one UK region: a qualitative mapping study

Visram¹,

Goodall²,

Steven³

2014

Public Health

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTObjectives: Knowledge translation (KT) is becoming common vocabulary, but as a concept it is not clearly defined. Many related terms exist; these are often used interchangeably and given multiple interpretations. While there is a growing body of literature exploring these concepts, using it to inform public health practice, strategy, research and education is challenging given the range of sources and need for local 'contextual fit'. This study explores how various public health stakeholders make sense of, and experience, KT and related concepts. Study design:A qualitative mapping study using a phenomenographic approach.Methods: Thirty-four academics, students and practitioners working in public health across the north east of England participated in six focus groups and five one-to-one interviews.Discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using a thematic framework approach. The framework drew on findings from reviews of the existing literature, whilst allowing unanticipated issues to emerge.Results: Three main themes were identified from the stakeholder discussions: Conclusions: This study has enabled further development of theoretical understandings of the KT discourses at play in public health, and identified the ways in which these may be bound by discipline and context. Ironically, the findings suggest that terms such as knowledge translation, transfer and exchange are seen as themselves requiring translation, or at least debate and discussion.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Exploring conceptualizations of knowledge translation, transfer and exchange across public health in one UK region: a qualitative mapping study

Visram¹,

Goodall²,

Steven³

2014

Public Health

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“…Although syntheses have begun to identify organizational factors related to successful healthcare-based change, such as leadership (Gifford et al 2007), learning cultures (french et al 2009) and patient care (Wensing et al 2006), the extent to which such knowledge is applied is not well known. The turbulence and widespread challenges (e.g., financial, demographic, geographic) facing the health sector make syntheses of management research set in healthcare more important than ever before (Rousseau 2006;Walshe and Rundall 2001).…”

Section: Résumémentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining the Management Literature for Insights into Implementing Evidence-Based Change in Healthcare

Harlos¹,

Tetroe²,

Graham³

et al. 2012

hcpol

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Objective: We synthesized the management and health literatures for insights into implementing evidence-based change in healthcare drawn from industry-specific data. Because change principles based on evidence often fail to be translated into organizational practice or policy, we sought studies at the nexus of organizational change and knowledge translation. Methods: We reviewed five top management journals to identify an initial pool of 3,091 studies, which yielded a final sample of 100 studies. data were abstracted, verified by the original authors and revised before entry into a database. We employed a systematic narrative synthesis approach using words and text to distill data and explain relationships. We categorized studies by varying levels of relevance for knowledge translation as (1) primary, direct; (2) intermediate; and (3) secondary, indirect. We also identified recurring categories of change-related organizational factors. The current analysis examines these factors in studies of primary relevance to knowledge translation, which we also coded for intervention readiness to reflect how readily change can be implemented. Preliminary Results and Conclusions:Results centred on five change-related categories: Tailoring the Intervention message; Institutional Links/Social Networks; Training; quality of Work Relationships; and fit to Organization. In particular, networks across institutional and individual levels appeared as prominent pathways for changing healthcare organizations. Power dynamics, positive social relations and team structures also played key roles in implementing change and translating it into practice. We analyzed journals in which first authors of these studies typically publish, and found evidence that management and health sciences remain divided. Bridging these disciplines through research syntheses promises a wealth of evidence and insights, well worth mining in the search for change that works in healthcare transformation. RésuméObjectif : Nous avons effectué une synthèse de la littérature sur la gestion et sur la santé pour obtenir des pistes quant à la mise en oeuvre de changements fondés sur les données probantes dans les services de santé, et ce, à partir de données propres au secteur d' activité. Puisque la transposition des principes du changement fondé sur les données probantes dans la pratique ou politique organisationnelles est souvent vouée à l' échec, nous avons tenté de comprendre les liens entre le changement organisationnel et la transposition des connaissances. Méthodes : L' examen de cinq importantes revues de gestion nous a permis de repérer un bassin initial de 3 091 études, desquelles nous avons tiré un échantillon final de 100 études. Les données ont été résumées, vérifiées par leurs auteurs et révisées avant d' être versées dans une base de données. Nous avons employé une démarche de synthèse narrative systématique au moyen de mots et de texte afin de raffiner les données et d' expliquer les relations. Nous avons catégorisé les études en fonction de diffé...

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“…In contrast, health care managers are a highly diverse group drawn from different professional and disciplinary backgrounds, and they often lack even a shared language or terminology with which to describe and discuss what they do." 21 This implies that it will be increasingly difficult to negotiate and adopt a common definition of "evidence" for guidance at ever higher levels of health system governance, as increasingly heterogeneous groups become concerned about and/or affected by the outcome. Rosen, for instance, questions the assumption of many of "Legal definitions of evidence seem disconnected from the reality of constructing evidence-based guidance for the health system.…”

Section: Common Themes From Either Colloquial or Scientific Views Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife Health 2.0: Bridging the Knowledge-to-Action Gap

Stephen

2017

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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OUR PURPOSE VisionOur vision is a strong Canadian healthcare system that is guided by solid, research-based management and policy decisions. MissionTo support evidence-based decision-making in the organization, management, and delivery of health services through funding research, building capacity, and transferring knowledge. StrategyTo establish and foster linkages between decision makers (managers and policy makers) and researchers in the governance of the foundation and in the design and implementation of programs to support research, develop researchers, and transfer knowledge. Main Messages• At a basic level, the notion of evidence concerns facts (actual or asserted) intended for use in support of a conclusion.• Most decision makers view evidence colloquially -"anything that establishes a fact or gives reason for believing something" -and define it by its relevance. Most researchers view evidence scientifically -the use of systematic, replicable methods for production -and define it by its methodology.• Scientists' views on the role of evidence divide into those who emphasize more context-free universal truths (identified closely with "evidence-based medicine") and those who emphasize a context-sensitive role for evidence in a particular decision (identified closely with the applied social sciences).• The appropriate methods for obtaining scientific evidence on context factors are not the same as those for obtaining scientific evidence on program or intervention effectiveness -but this makes such evidence no less "scientific."• Scientific evidence on context can usefully be divided into evidence about attitudes, implementation, organizational capacity, forecasting, economics/finance, and ethics.• Colloquial evidence can usefully be divided into evidence about resources, expert and professional opinion, political judgment, values, habits and traditions, lobbyists and pressure groups, and the particular pragmatics and contingencies of the situation.• These three different forms of evidence -colloquial evidence, scientific evidence on effectiveness, and scientific evidence on context -will not combine of themselves to produce health system guidance; combining and interpreting them requires a deliberative process.• A deliberative process is participative and often follows a period of consultation with relevant stakeholders; it entails both the eliciting and the combining of various types of evidence in order to reach an evidence-based judgment.• There is little evidence on the effectiveness of deliberative processes, though there is much to be said in favour of them on grounds of principle.• The design of a deliberative process is not neutral and may well influence the relative weights assigned to each of the three forms of evidence, thus influencing the extent to which guidance is "evidence-based."• Characteristics of a deliberative process likely to ensure evidence-based guidance include consultation with all parties affected by the outcome, fair representation of scientists and stakeholders, high-quality s...

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Evidence‐based Management: From Theory to Practice in Health Care

Cited by 429 publications

References 59 publications

Exploring conceptualizations of knowledge translation, transfer and exchange across public health in one UK region: a qualitative mapping study

Exploring conceptualizations of knowledge translation, transfer and exchange across public health in one UK region: a qualitative mapping study

Mining the Management Literature for Insights into Implementing Evidence-Based Change in Healthcare

Wildlife Health 2.0: Bridging the Knowledge-to-Action Gap

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