Evidence and strategies for malaria prevention and control: a historical analysis

Gachelin, Gabriel; Garner, Paul; Ferroni, Eliana; Verhave, J.P.; Opinel, Annick

doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2244-2

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…The other preventive measures such as wearing protective clothing, using insecticide spray, getting rid of stagnant water, clearing bushes around the house, and using mosquito barrier nets on windows and doors, etc. mentioned by caregivers as good and effective strategies for vector control are in-line with previous study done by Gabriel et al [43].…”

Section: Practicessupporting

confidence: 90%

A Cross-Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Malaria Control and Prevention Among Caregivers of Children Under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone

Koroma

Wang

Guo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundChildren under-5 are the most vulnerable to malaria infection and they suffer serious complications. Sierra Leone is one of the countries with the highest malaria burden in the world. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) towards malaria control and prevention among caregivers of children under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among caregivers of children under-5 visiting the out-patient department of six selected hospitals/community health centers. Data were collected via questionnaire interview with 350 caregivers. Further statistical analyses were performed primarily Spearman’s rank test for inferring the correlations among KAPs, univariate and multivariate logistic regression for demonstration the association between KAPs and socio-demographic characteristics.ResultsWomen made up 97.1% of respondents with the majority being young mothers-including 33 single student moms. 46.3% among respondents were unemployed and 27.1% had no educational background. Only 1.4% received malaria related information from the internet/social media. This KAPs survey indicated that misconception of cause, transmission and clinical symptoms of malaria; unawareness of lethality and severity; inappropriate behaviors in prevention and treatment such as self-medicating were still in existence in caregivers. But a positive correlation in knowledge-attitudes (rs = 0.13, P < 0.05) and attitudes-practices (rs = 0.45, P < 0.001) were revealed. The caregivers being a mother and having at least secondary education were demonstrated associated with positive attitudes and practices. Meanwhile, more urban-based caregivers (79.8%) followed a complete malaria treatment course of ACTs than the rural (63.3%), but in view of ITNs use, more rural-based caregivers presented positive attitudes (85.3%) and practices (70.1%) than the urban (69.9%, 52.0%). The student moms might know more but do less. ConclusionsIn order to better protect children under-5 against lethal malaria, their caregivers, especially young mothers, need strong support to reduce misconceptions, inappropriate behaviors, and provide increased vigilance. It is important to develop an efficient communication channel to disseminate information regarding malaria, especially strengthening community-based media infrastructure, including internet/social media. A increase in education and employment opportunities for women, as well as setting up community-based malaria counselling services, is urgently needed.

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Section: Practicessupporting

confidence: 90%

A Cross-Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Malaria Control and Prevention Among Caregivers of Children Under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone

Koroma

Wang

Guo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Anopheles gambiae is the primary malaria vector in sub-Saharan Africa 1 . Vector competence is influenced by many parameters, including fecundity dependent population dynamics such as adult longevity and insecticide resistance 2 – 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox state affects fecundity and insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles gambiae

Champion

2018

Sci Rep

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Redox reactions play a central role in the metabolism of an organism. It is vital to maintain redox homeostasis in response to the fluctuation of redox shift in various biological contexts. NADPH-dependent reducing capacity is one of the key factors contributing to the redox homeostasis. To understand the redox capacity and its impact on mosquito fecundity and susceptibility to insecticides in Anopheles gambiae, we examined the dynamics of elevated oxidative state via induction by paraquat (PQ) and the inhibition of NADPH regeneration by 6-aminonicotinamide (6AN). In naïve conditions, inherent oxidative capacity varies between individuals, as measured by GSSG/GSH ratio. The high GSSG/GSH ratio was negatively correlated with fecundity. Both PQ and 6AN feeding increased GSSG/GSH ratio and elevated protein carbonylation, a marker of oxidative damage. Both pro-oxidants lowered egg production. Co-feeding the pro-oxidants with antioxidant lycopene attenuated the adverse effects on fecundity, implying that oxidative stress was the cause of this phenotype. Pre-feeding with 6AN increased insecticide susceptibility in DDT resistant mosquitoes. These results indicate that oxidative state is delicate in mosquitoes, manipulation of NADPH pool may adversely affect fecundity and insecticide detoxification capacity. This knowledge can be exploited to develop novel vector control strategies targeting fecundity and insecticide resistance.

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“…wooden, rocky and muddy) as a possible mediator of this association [ 38 ]. Three potential qualitative moderators of this relationship namely emergent plants [ 39 ], direct sunlight [ 38 , 39 ] and fish predators [ 40 , 41 ] were also assessed. Each moderator was classified into two categorical predictors of Anopheles larval productivity i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artisanal fishing supports breeding of malaria mosquitoes in Western Kenya

Mukabana

Onyango

Mweresa

2019

Malar J

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BackgroundEveryday hundreds of people, mainly men, set out to take part in a vibrant artisanal capture fishing (ACF) industry on Lake Victoria. It is not known whether actions of artisanal fishers, in their unrelenting quest for existence, surpass ecosystems’ sustainability thresholds with potentially negative repercussions on human health with respect to malaria transmission potential. This article sought to fill this information gap.MethodsThis study used an ecosystem approach to find out how ACF processes facilitate the breeding of mosquitoes. The observational study adopted a cross-sectional design and was carried out on Mageta Island situated inside Lake Victoria in western Kenya.ResultsOf the 87 mosquito larval habitats identified 27 (31%) were created through ACF activities. The ACF-related habitats, hereafter collectively referred to as ‘fishing habitats’, included fishing boats (24), trenches (1) and fish bait mines (2). About half (48%) of Anopheles larvae were recovered from fishing habitats. The mean larval density in the fishing habitats (35.7 ± 1.15) was double that in non-fishing habitats (17.4 ± 0.539). Despite being the most common ‘non-fishing habitat’ type (N = 32), the mean number of Anopheles larvae present in rock pools (30.81 ± 10.54) was significantly less than those found inside fishing boats (N = 24; 40.08 ± 10.16). Overall, man-made habitats and those used to support livelihoods contained significantly more Anopheles larvae.ConclusionsThese data show that artisanal capture fishing is a key driver of malaria epidemiology on Mageta Island. This suggests that larval source management strategies in the global south should pay attention to the heterogeneity in Anopheles breeding habitats created through livelihood activities.

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Evidence and strategies for malaria prevention and control: a historical analysis

Cited by 48 publications

References 42 publications

A Cross-Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Malaria Control and Prevention Among Caregivers of Children Under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone

A Cross-Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Malaria Control and Prevention Among Caregivers of Children Under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone

Redox state affects fecundity and insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles gambiae

Artisanal fishing supports breeding of malaria mosquitoes in Western Kenya

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