Evidence against a central bottleneck during the attentional blink: Multiple channels for configural and featural processing

Awh, Edward; Serences, John T.; Laurey, Paul; Dhaliwal, Harpreet; Jagt, Thomas van der; Dassonville, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0010-0285(03)00116-6

Cited by 73 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This result contrasts strongly with findings by Awh et al (2004), who reported no AB effect for faces unless the T1 task involved configural processing, and by Lavie et al (2003), who suggested that face processing is obligatory. Awh et al (2004) reported no AB for faces unless the T1 task required configural processing. In our experiment, T1 was clearly a featural, as opposed to configural, task, yet we found a robust AB effect.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Awh et al (2004) reported a series of experiments using a modified AB paradigm (consisting of only four items: T1 and its mask, and T2 and its mask), examining the role of attention in face processing. In their study, each task required discrimination among three exemplars of a specific stimulus class (e.g., digits or faces), with a spatial attention shift required in between.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Support for the notion of a special configural attention mechanism was, however, provided by Awh et al (2004). They found greater performance costs when attention was divided between two configural face tasks than when divided between a face and a nonface (featural) task.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(T2 was therefore never unique on a stimulus class dimension.) We specifically used a T1 task that was featural (requiring participants to make a shape judgment regarding texture elements in a pattern) to test the notion of a hypothetical attentional resource dedicated to configural processing and needed for identifying upright faces (Awh et al, 2004;Palermo & Rhodes, 2002). This special-attention view would predict that no AB should be evident using a featural T1 stimulus.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The role of attention and familiarity in face identification

Jackson

Raymond

2006

Perception & Psychophysics

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How is attention allocated during face identification? Previous work using famous and unfamiliar faces suggests that either no attention or a special attentional mechanism is required. We used a conventional attentional blink (AB) procedure to measure face identification with temporarily reduced attention. The participants viewed a rapid series of face images with one embedded nonface abstract pattern (T1). They judged the texture of T1 and then detected a prespecified face (T2) presented at varying lags after T1. T2 was either famous or unfamiliar, as were distractor faces. Regardless of distractor type, detection of an unfamiliar T2 face was significantly impaired at short versus long T1-T2 lags, indicating an attentional requirement for face identification. Detection of a famous T2 face was unaffected by lag, suggesting that familiarity protects against a temporal attentional bottleneck. These findings do not support propositions that face identification is "special" in its need for attentional control.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The role of attention and familiarity in face identification

Jackson

Raymond

2006

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…If so, load effects should be more pronounced if STM items match the category of T1 and T2 in the RSVP task. By contrast, finding no effect of increasing secondary task difficulty would point to a multiple-channel processing mechanism (Awh et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 91%

Short-term memory and the attentional blink: Capacity versus content

Akyürek

Hommel

2005

Mem Cogn

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When people monitor the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of stimuli for two targets (T1 and T2), they often miss T2 if it falls into a time window of about half a second after T1 onset, a phenomenon known as the attentional blink (AB). We found that overall performance in an RSVP task was impaired by a concurrent short-term memory (STM) task and, furthermore, that this effect increased when STM load was higher and when its content was more task relevant. Loading visually defined stimuli and adding articulatory suppression further impaired performance on the RSVP task, but the size of the AB over time (i.e., T1-T2 lag) remained unaffected by load or content. This suggested that at least part of the performance in an RSVP task reflects interference between competing codes within STM, as interference models have held, whereas the AB proper reflects capacity limitations in the transfer to STM, as consolidation models have claimed.

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Munchy Monster: Using video gaming to objectively evaluate front‐of‐pack labelling strategies for school‐aged children

et al. 2019

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Marketers have long targeted children in an attempt to influence food purchases. This is not the case for regulators; nutrition information is complex, using decimal places, percentages, and units of measure. It has been suggested that the approach to nutrition labelling in the United States is difficult for some adults to interpret, let alone children. This is unfortunate as children influence purchase decisions and childhood is a critical time for developing long-lasting eating habits. An alternative approach to traditional nutrition labelling employs the use of front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition labels. FOPs provide simplified, truncated nutrition information on the front of packages.The objective of this work was to evaluate how four different FOP label designs impact the ability of children to assess product healthfulness and time to assessment. Children aged 6 to 10 played a video game where they fed "Munchy Monster" the healthier of two products. The principal display panels (PDPs) of two mock brands of cereal appeared together on a computer screen, and children were instructed to feed Munchy Monster the healthier of the two options as quickly as they could by pressing one of two arrows. Across trials, the FOP format varied in a 2 (colour/no colour) × 2 (facial icon/no facial icon) factorial design. Within a trial, both cereals presented the same FOP format, with one healthier than the other. Two groups of children participated in trials; those in the uninstructed group were simply asked to feed the monster the healthier cereal (n = 38); the "minimally instructed group" (n = 41) was told that "this part of the package" (the FOP) might help you decide which is healthier." Accuracy of selection and time to selection were dependent variables. With regard to accuracy, both groups showed evidence of a significant face by colour interaction (P < .001), with the colour or facial icon presence improving accuracy. For uninstructed participants, accuracy of selection significantly improved with any combination of colour or facial icon, and all other labels were improved when accuracy was compared with the treatments with no face/no colour, but none containing colour and/or facial icons differed from one another. Minimally instructed participants were also more accurate in identifying the healthier product for all FOP label designs compared with the no face/no colour condition (P < .001). However, the trials with FOPs including both face with colour also performed better than the face with no colour label, P = .001. A main -This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Evidence against a central bottleneck during the attentional blink: Multiple channels for configural and featural processing

Cited by 73 publications

References 16 publications

The role of attention and familiarity in face identification

The role of attention and familiarity in face identification

Short-term memory and the attentional blink: Capacity versus content

Munchy Monster: Using video gaming to objectively evaluate front‐of‐pack labelling strategies for school‐aged children

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