EVESTA: Emergency VESTibular Algorithm and its impact on the acute management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Abstract

Objective: To synthesise evidencebased research concerning the assessment and management of acute dizziness via construction of a comprehensive clinical algorithm. Assess its clinical impact with an aim to improve the acute management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) within Wyong Public Hospital ED in four key recommendations. Method: Current best practice models of care were synthesised into a single clinical, district-based peer-reviewed algorithm by a specialist focus group. An observational pre-and postimplementation study was completed to assess the impact of the algorithm on the management of BPPV. A total of 162 notes (pre [control] n = 87 and post [intervention] n = 75) met the inclusion criteria. Adherence to the BPPV clinical practice guidelines statements 1a, 3a, 4a and 6 were analysed for statistical difference in practice between the two groups. Results: Following implementation of the Emergency VESTibular Algorithm (EVESTA), compliance showed a significant improvement in Hallpike-Dix performed by 27% (95% confidence interval [CI] 14-40%; defects preintervention 40%: post-intervention 13%) (P < 0.001), utilisation of neuroimaging reduced by 16% (95% CI 2-30%; 40%: 24%) (P < 0.05), repositioning techniques performed increased by 33% (95% CI 18-48%; 68%: 36%) (P < 0.001). Administration of vestibular suppressant medication reduced by 30% (95% CI 15-45%; 59%: 29%) (P < 0.001). An interrupted time series analysis confirmed significant change in BPPV admissions post-project À4.23% (95% CI À7.20, À1.27%) (P = 0.041). Conclusion: Diagnosis and management of acute dizziness is challenging within the ED. Synthesis of best practice into a clinical algorithm has improved the diagnosis and evidencebased treatment of BPPV. There is continued opportunity to improve the efficiency and effectiveness in the management of both central and peripheral acute dizziness within the ED.