Everglades Virus Infection in Man, 1975

Calisher, Charles H.; Murphy, F. A.; Lazuick, John S.; Muth, D J; Steck, F; Lindsey, Helen S.; Bauer, Sally P.; Buff, E. E.; Schneider, Nathan J.

doi:10.1097/00007611-198011000-00044

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…All group I mAbs and one group III mAb, mVEEV-71, reacted with the structural proteins of a subtype IF strain (Mosso das Pedras virus). Although the mAbs target subtype I strains that cause the majority of clinically relevant VEEV infections, a subset of our panel also bound structural proteins of subtype II (Everglades virus) and subtype IIIA (Mucambo virus) viruses, which also can cause disease in humans ( Aguilar et al, 2004 ; Blosser and Burkett-Cadena, 2017 ; Calisher et al, 1980 ). Although no single anti-VEEV mAb bound all nine VEE antigenic complex subtypes tested, mVEEV-43 (ungrouped), mVEEV-10 (group I), and mVEEV-71 and mVEEV-TRD21 (group III) bound up to seven different strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralizing antibodies protect mice against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge

Kafai

Williamson

Binshtein

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) remains a risk for epidemic emergence or use as an aerosolized bioweapon. To develop possible countermeasures, we isolated VEEV-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from mice and a human immunized with attenuated VEEV strains. Functional assays and epitope mapping established that potently inhibitory anti-VEEV mAbs bind distinct antigenic sites in the A or B domains of the E2 glycoprotein and block multiple steps in the viral replication cycle including attachment, fusion, and egress. A 3.2-Å cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of VEEV virus-like particles bound by a human Fab suggests that antibody engagement of the B domain may result in cross-linking of neighboring spikes to prevent conformational requirements for viral fusion. Prophylaxis or postexposure therapy with these mAbs protected mice against lethal aerosol challenge with VEEV. Our study defines functional and structural mechanisms of mAb protection and suggests that multiple antigenic determinants on VEEV can be targeted for vaccine or antibody-based therapeutic development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralizing antibodies protect mice against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge

Kafai

Williamson

Binshtein

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…cedecei, as is evidenced by positive canine serology [17]. Five cases of clinical illness attributed to EVEV infection have been described in South Florida [48,49] and high levels of EVEV antibodies (>80%) were observed in Seminole Indians living in the Everglades Work (10). Clinical manifestations of EVEV infections include high fever, severe headache, prostration, myalgia, and central nervous system signs, including encephalitis [50].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence potential of mosquito-borne arboviruses from the Florida Everglades

et al. 2021

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The Greater Everglades Region of South Florida is one of the largest natural wetlands and the only subtropical ecosystem found in the continental United States. Mosquitoes are seasonally abundant in the Everglades where several potentially pathogenic mosquito-borne arboviruses are maintained in natural transmission cycles involving vector-competent mosquitoes and reservoir-competent vertebrate hosts. The fragile nature of this ecosystem is vulnerable to many sources of environmental change, including a wetlands restoration project, climate change, invasive species and residential development. In this study, we obtained baseline data on the distribution and abundance of both mosquitos and arboviruses occurring in the southern Everglades region during the summer months of 2013, when water levels were high, and in 2014, when water levels were low. A total of 367,060 mosquitoes were collected with CO2-baited CDC light traps at 105 collection sites stratified among the major landscape features found in Everglades National Park, Big Cypress National Preserve, Fakahatchee State Park Preserve and Picayune State Forest, an area already undergoing restoration. A total of 2,010 pools of taxonomically identified mosquitoes were cultured for arbovirus isolation and identification. Seven vertebrate arboviruses were isolated: Everglades virus, Tensaw virus, Shark River virus, Gumbo Limbo virus, Mahogany Hammock virus, Keystone virus, and St. Louis encephalitis virus. Except for Tensaw virus, which was absent in 2013, the remaining viruses were found to be most prevalent in hardwood hammocks and in Fakahatchee, less prevalent in mangroves and pinelands, and absent in cypress and sawgrass. In contrast, in the summer of 2014 when water levels were lower, these arboviruses were far less prevalent and only found in hardwood hammocks, but Tensaw virus was present in cypress, sawgrass, pinelands, and a recently burned site. Major environmental changes are anticipated in the Everglades, many of which will result in increased water levels. How these might lead to the emergence of arboviruses potentially pathogenic to both humans and wildlife is discussed.

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“…10,11 None of these viruses has been associated with outbreaks of human disease in Florida, with the exception of infrequent reports of infection with EVEV. 12 Additionally, Keystone virus (KEYV; Peribunyaviridae: Orthobunyavirus) was isolated in the Tampa, FL, area in 1964. 4 This virus was recently reported to cause disease in one human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Dynamics of Mosquito-Borne Viruses in the Southwestern Florida Everglades, 2016, 2017

Anderson

Fish

Armstrong

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Mosquitoes were collected for 12 consecutive months beginning June 2016, from 11 locations in the Florida Everglades, Collier County, and tested for viruses by isolation in Vero cells and subsequent identification. One species complex and 31 species of mosquitoes were identified from 668,809 specimens. Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus comprised 72.2% of the collection. Other notable species were Anopheles crucians complex, Culex nigripalpus, Cx. erraticus, and Cx. cedecei. Seven species of virus were identified from 110 isolations: Everglades, Gumbo Limbo, Mahogany Hammock, Pahayokee, Shark River, Tensaw, and West Nile viruses. Everglades, West Nile, Tensaw, and Mahogany Hammock viruses were most frequently isolated. Largest numbers of viruses were identified from Cx. cedecei, Cx. nigripalpus, and An. crucians complex. Five species of virus were isolated from Cx. cedecei. Viruses were isolated from mangrove, cypress swamp, hardwood hammock, and sawgrass habitats. West Nile virus was isolated August through October when Cx. nigripalpus was most abundant. Everglades virus was the most frequently isolated virus from nine species of mosquitoes collected from June through August. Tensaw virus was isolated primarily from Anopheles species. Isolations were made in July, August, January, February, and April, suggesting that this virus may be present in host-seeking mosquitoes throughout the year. Mahogany Hammock, Shark River, Gumbo Limbo, and Pahayokee viruses were isolated primarily from Cx. cedecei from June through December. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to document that seven pools of Cx. cedecei were infected with two arboviruses. As communities expand into the Everglades, more humans will become exposed to arboviruses.

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Everglades Virus Infection in Man, 1975

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Neutralizing antibodies protect mice against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge

Neutralizing antibodies protect mice against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge

Emergence potential of mosquito-borne arboviruses from the Florida Everglades

Seasonal Dynamics of Mosquito-Borne Viruses in the Southwestern Florida Everglades, 2016, 2017

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