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The article poses the problem of the need to study the influence of digitalization on the formation of the historical memory of young people. Based on data from an online questionnaire (multi-stage combined sample, n = 700), the main vectors of constructing digital historical memory and its influence on the formation of civic identity of college and university students are presented using the example of the Republic of Mordovia. The calculation of the “digital historical memory” index made it possible to determine the directions of digital memory influence on the young people self-identity and on the assessment of the main factors of civic identity. A statistically significant relationship was revealed between the choice of “new media” as a source of historical memory formation and such indicators as age, level of education received. The objectives of the study also included the study of memory nodes (selection of the most significant events from the history of the country), digital practices (activities related to historical Internet resources and portals). The article makes an attempt to sociologically comprehend the production of digital historical memory in modern conditions, which, on the one hand, is hyperconnective, i.e. accessible to a large number of users and hyper-meditated - formed on the basis of various and many sources, and on the other hand, there is a great risk of producing a fake story and its different versions, far from scientific character and objectivity, The authors make the assumption, based on the data obtained, that in the new geopolitical conditions the influence of the “digital memory” index on the formation of Russian identity among young people can be described as positive, although this issue requires further research.
The article poses the problem of the need to study the influence of digitalization on the formation of the historical memory of young people. Based on data from an online questionnaire (multi-stage combined sample, n = 700), the main vectors of constructing digital historical memory and its influence on the formation of civic identity of college and university students are presented using the example of the Republic of Mordovia. The calculation of the “digital historical memory” index made it possible to determine the directions of digital memory influence on the young people self-identity and on the assessment of the main factors of civic identity. A statistically significant relationship was revealed between the choice of “new media” as a source of historical memory formation and such indicators as age, level of education received. The objectives of the study also included the study of memory nodes (selection of the most significant events from the history of the country), digital practices (activities related to historical Internet resources and portals). The article makes an attempt to sociologically comprehend the production of digital historical memory in modern conditions, which, on the one hand, is hyperconnective, i.e. accessible to a large number of users and hyper-meditated - formed on the basis of various and many sources, and on the other hand, there is a great risk of producing a fake story and its different versions, far from scientific character and objectivity, The authors make the assumption, based on the data obtained, that in the new geopolitical conditions the influence of the “digital memory” index on the formation of Russian identity among young people can be described as positive, although this issue requires further research.
Introduction. The importance of exploring the specificity of shaping the historical memory among young people is due to the fact that it is this age that is crucial in the formation of worldview attitudes and civic identity. In modern geopolitical conditions, when the falsification of historical events of Russia's past takes place, the analysis of the factors of studentsʼ involvement in the space of historical practices and narratives that influence the formation of their historical memory is especially important. The aim of the article is to measure the level of students' involvement in the space of historical practices and narratives on the basis of quantitative and qualitative sociological research data; to identify the factors influencing the historical memory of student youth in the Republic of Mordovia. Materials and Methods. The empirical basis of the study constituted the findings derived from 20 semi-structured interviews with young people between 18 and 25 years old, as well as the results of an online survey held among university and secondary educational institutions learners in the Republic of Mordovia (n = 700). Multistage composite sampling. Results. Based on cluster analysis, three groups of student youth were identified according to the level of involvement in the space of historical practices and narratives. The relationship between belonging to a specific cluster and socio-demographic factors is presented: gender, level of education and place of residence turned out to be significant. Among the factors influencing the level of involvement in historical practices and narratives are cognitive interest in history, family memories, and active use of media. It has been established that the significance of these factors in shaping the historical memory of young people may vary. The most significant factors are historical education (at secondary school, vocational education institution, university), the role of teacher as a mediator of historical knowledge, as well as the continuity and depth of family memory. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study determine the factors of student youth involvement in the space of historical practices and narratives and supplement the sociological understanding of the processes of constructing the historical memory. The materials of the article may be of interest to specialists engaged in patriotic education, historical education of youth, practitioners involved in the development of youth policy.
В статье рассматриваются возрастные особенности восприятия жителями Калининградской области исторического прошлого. Информационной базой для авторов послужили стенограммы восьми фокус-групп, в которых всего приняли участие 48 человек. Респонденты являлись представителями четырех возрастных групп: 18–25 лет, 26–39 лет, 40–54 года, 55 лет и более. В результате исследования было выявлено как общее, так и частное в интерпретации исторического прошлого разными поколениями, проживающими на территории Калининградской области. Все возрастные группы проявляют интерес к одним и тем же историческим событиям, а также личностям российской истории. Однако различия между поколениями прослеживаются при обсуждении значимости Дня Победы, в оценке роли личности Сталина и в отношении к СССР. Советский период истории Калининградской области респонденты в основном критикуют за невнимание к довоенному немецкому культурному наследию, но высоко оценивают вклад первых переселенцев в развитие региона и положительно относятся к переименованию г. Кёнигсберга в г. Калининград. Возрастные отличия зафиксированы при оценке постсоветского периода истории области: представители старших поколений высказывали больше критических замечаний, а молодые жители региона рассматривали постсоветское время в связке с современностью. Историко-культурное наследие немецкого периода имеет высокую ценность для жителей Калининградской области. Но при этом мнения расходятся относительно восстановления Королевского замка, а также о стилизации советской и современной застройки под довоенную немецкую архитектуру. Авторами был сделан вывод о том, что поколенческие особенности восприятия исторического прошлого связаны с общественно-политическими реалиями, в которых воспитывались респонденты. The paper examines the age-related aspects of the perception of the Kaliningrad region’s history by its residents. The study is based on the transcripts of eight focus groups, which included 48 people. The respondents represented four age groups: 18–25 years, 26–39 years, 40–54 years, 55 years or more. The study revealed both common and particular aspects of the historical past perception by different generations of people living in the Kaliningrad region. All age groups are uniform in their interest in particular historical events and personalities of Russian history. However, there are differences in their perception of the significance of the Victory Day, the role of Stalin’s personality, and their attitude to the USSR. The respondents mostly criticize the Soviet Period of the Kaliningrad region’s history for the lack of attention to the pre-war German cultural heritage. However, they highly appreciate the first settlers’ contribution to the development of the region and approve of the renaming of Konigsberg to Kaliningrad. Age differences manifested in the assessment of the Post-Soviet period of history: older age groups expressed a more critical point of view while younger residents considered the Post‑ Soviet period in conjunction with modernity. The historical and cultural heritage of the German period is of high value to the residents of the region. At the same time, opinions differ regarding restoring the Royal Castle and styling the Soviet and modern buildings after pre-war German architecture. The authors conclude that, in general, the perception of the historical past is associated with the socio‑political situation in which the respondents were brought up.
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