Events during Early Triassic recovery from the end-Permian extinction

Tong, Jinnan; Zhang, Suxin; Zuo, Jian‐Ping; Xiong, Xinqi

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.06.015

Cited by 69 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It is the only section with two GSSPs, i.e., the GSSP of the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB) ratified by IUGS in March 2001 [1] and the GSSP of the base of the Changhsingian Stage ratified in September 2005 [2]. Multidisciplinary studies, including paleontology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, paleomagnetism, isotopic geology, molecular biology, as well as the evidence for the events and causes of the end-Permian mass extinction, have been performed extensively at Meishan [1, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, trace fossils have been scarcely mentioned at the section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two episodic changes of trace fossils through the Permian-Triassic transition in the Meishan cores, Zhejiang Province

Zhao

Tong

2010

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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Six ichnogenera, Chondrites, Palaeophycus, Planolites, Rhizocorallium, Skolithos, and Thalassinoides, were identified from the drilling cores near the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of Permian-Triassic boundary at Meishan, Zhejiang Province. The ichnological indices, including abundance, bioturbation index, and disturbed depth of trace fossils, show two episodes of intense changes near the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB). Episode I occurred in Beds 25-27b when the ecologically complicate forms such as Chondrites, Skolithos, Rhizocorallium, and Thalassinoides disappeared hereafter, the bioturbation index reduced from 1-5 to 1-3, and the disturbed depth declined from 5-66 to 2-5 cm. Episode II took place at the base of Bed 33 with the disappearance of Palaeophycus and Planolites, and subsequent absence of trace fossils and bioturbation till the middle-upper part of Bed 41 when the disturbed structures reoccurred, but they are only tiny Planolites and the bioturbation index was never higher than 3 and the disturbed depth less than 4 mm. Episode I shows an intense change, corresponding to the main stage of the end-Permian mass extinction, whereas Episode II is relatively weak, corresponding to the epilogue of the mass extinction of trace makers in the Early Triassic. Subsequently, ichnofossils were dominated by surface tracks in simple ecological habit and structures. This phenomenon indicates that the Early Triassic benthonic fauna is changed from sessile benthic system to mobile benthic system after the end-Permian mass extinction. In other words, the evolution of the trace fossils across the Permian-Triassic transition had an episodic process similar to the body fossils. In addition, the change of ichnofabrics is well coincided with the negative excursion of carbon isotopes and the expansion of cyanobacteria. As the results of physical and biogenic processes, trace fossils provided unique materials for the study of the biotic and environmental events, as well as their coupling evolution through the great Permian-Triassic transition.trace fossils, bioturbation index, disturbed depth, the Permian-Triassic transition, two episodic evolution, Meishan cores Citation:Zhao X M, Tong J N. Two episodic changes of trace fossils through the Permian-

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two episodic changes of trace fossils through the Permian-Triassic transition in the Meishan cores, Zhejiang Province

Zhao

Tong

2010

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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“…Although the understanding about this event has greatly improved (see review refs. [9][10][11][12][13]), many aspects about this event remain unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

End-Permian conodont fauna from Dongpan section: Correlation between the deep-and shallow-water facies

Luo

Lai

Feng

et al. 2008

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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This paper systematically investigated the conodonts from the uppermost Permian to the Lower Triassic at the Dongpan Section, Southern Guangxi, South China, and obtained abundant Late Permian conodonts from the syndepositional limestone lenses of beds 3 and 5-2 at this section. One genus and eight species of conodont P1 element including one new species, Neogondolella dongpanensis sp. nov., have been identified. The feature of conodont fauna indicates that conodonts collected from beds 3 and 5 at the Dongpan Section belong to the Neogondolella yini conodont zone, and correspond to bed 24 at the Meishan Section. Based on these conodont data, we suggest that the Neoalbaillella optima radiolarian zone at the Dongpan Section at least extended to the upper part of the N. yini conodont zone.

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“…The Triassic period, initiated aftermath the most devastating mass extinction that occurred at the end-Permian (see e.g., Shen and Browing 2014, and references therein), experienced important diversification pulses into a sustained recovery phase (Tong et al 2007). Importantly, the Triassic involves the heyday of gymnosperms (Anderson et al 2007), the early diversification of non-avian dinosaurs (Benton 2004;Langer et al 2010), as well as other archosauromorphs (Nesbitt 2011;Ezcurra 2016), among other groups.…”

Section: The Triassic (252-201 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%