“…Numerous applications of multiagent systems in the engineering field have emerged, such as in formation control [3][4][5], axis alignment of satellites [6], collective search and rescue operations [7], wireless sensor networks [8], and smart grids [9]. Given these applications, prompt solutions for the distributed coordination of multiagent systems are crucial, and some research has produced good results, mainly with regard to consensus protocols [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], consensus tracking [20], containment control [21], distributed average tracking [22], distributed estimates, and optimization [23], among others. However, in most previous studies, continuous-time sampling, communication, and control update are often assumed for each agent in a distributed consensus protocol.…”