Event-related potentials in chronic alcoholics during withdrawal and abstinence

Romani, Alfredo; Cosi, V.

doi:10.1016/s0987-7053(89)80090-5

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Alcohol use was associated with P2 changes and that relationship seems to be modified by genetic similarity. P2 amplitude correlated negatively with self-reported alcohol use, consistent with previous studies suggesting P2 reductions after acute ethanol use (Jääskeläinen et al, 1996) and in chronic alcoholics (Romani and Cosi, 1989). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A Longitudinal Twin Study of Effects of Adolescent Alcohol Abuse on the Neurophysiology of Attention and Orienting

Koskinen

Ahveninen

Kujala

et al. 2011

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

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Background Long-term functional brain effects of adolescent alcohol abuse remain uncertain, partially because of difficulties in distinguishing inherited deficits from neuronal effects of ethanol and by confounds associated with alcohol abuse, especially nicotine exposure. We conducted a longitudinal twin study to determine neurocognitive effects of adolescent alcohol abuse, as measured with the auditory event-related potential (ERP) component P3, a putative marker of genetic vulnerability to alcoholism. Methods Twin pairs (N = 177; 150 selected for intrapair concordance/ discordance for alcohol-related problems at age 18½) were recruited from ongoing studies of twins born 1975–1979 in Finland. Alcohol and tobacco use were assessed with questionnaires at ages 16, 17, 18½, and ∼25, and by a structured psychiatric interview concurrent with the ERP testing at mean age 25.8. During ERP recordings, subjects were instructed to detect target tones within a train of frequent “standards” and to ignore occasional “novel” sounds. To distinguish familial factors from ethanol effects, ERP and self-reported alcohol use measures were incorporated into hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) analysis, and intrapair differences in ERP were associated with intrapair differences in alcohol variables. Results Novel-sound P3 amplitude correlated negatively with self-reported alcohol use in both between- and within-family analyses. No similar effect was observed for target-tone P3. HMR results suggest that twins' similarity for novel-sound P3 amplitude is modulated by their alcohol use, and this effect of alcohol use is influenced by genetic factors. Conclusions Our results, from a large sample of twins selected from a population-based registry for pairwise concordance/discordance for alcohol problems at 18½, demonstrate that adolescent alcohol abuse is associated with subtle neurophysiological changes in attention and orienting. The changes are reflected in decreased novel-sound P3 amplitude and may be modified by genetic factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A Longitudinal Twin Study of Effects of Adolescent Alcohol Abuse on the Neurophysiology of Attention and Orienting

Koskinen

Ahveninen

Kujala

et al. 2011

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

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“…Consistent with other studies (Kathmann et al, 1996;Parsons et al, 1990;Pfefferbaum et al, 1991;Romani and Cosi, 1989), there are no positive findings regarding the N2 and P2 components. Among the ERP components examined, the test-retest correlations are higher for N1 and P3 amplitude for both alcoholic and control subjects compared with the other ERP measurements (Sinha et al, 1992).…”

Section: N1 N2 P2supporting

confidence: 91%

“…The most robust ERP feature is the lower P3 amplitude in abstinent alcoholics (Cohen et al, 1995;Emmerson et al, 1987, Glenn et al, 1994, Pfefferbaum et al, 1987; decreased N1 amplitude as well as prolonged N2 and P3 latencies are less consistent findings (Glenn et al, 1996;Romani and Cosi, 1989). The typical oddball task given to sober alcoholics requires effortful or controlled processes, because subjects are making a buttonpress response or mentally counting the number of target stimuli (Pfefferbaum et al, 1991;.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol‐Related ERP Changes Recorded From Different Modalities: A Topographic Analysis

Cohen

Chorlian

et al. 2002

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…In keeping with the afore-mentioned neuropharmacological studies indicating withdrawal-related neural hyperexcitability subsequent to adaptive changes in the CNS during a chronic drinking bout [Grant et al, 1990;Buck and Harris, 1991;Lovinger, 1993;Tsai et al, 1995], ERPs are often enhanced or accelerated after the withdrawal of chronic alcohol consumption [Chu et al, 1978;Porjesz, 1977, 1979;Romani and Cosi, 1989;Díaz et al, 1990;Pekkonen et al, 1998;Ahveninen et al, 1999a, b, submitted a;Begleiter, 1985, 1993]. In healthy human subjects, the acceleration of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) can accompany even a hangover following acute ethanol drinking [Church and Williams, 1982].…”

Section: Effects Of Chronic Drinking and Withdrawal In Abstinent Alcosupporting

confidence: 57%

Acute and Chronic Effects of Alcohol on Preattentive Auditory Processing as Reflected by Mismatch Negativity

et al. 2000

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Chronic alcoholism, a major worldwide health problem, is associated with a variety of neurocognitive changes in the afflicted individuals. The precise neurophysiological basis of these changes is not yet understood. Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a preattentive event-related potential component indexing cortical auditory memory traces and automatic change detection in the brain that can be used to study the neural basis of cognitive impairments in various neurodegenerative diseases. MMN studies have revealed that even a low dose of acute alcohol significantly impairs automatic change detection and involuntary attention shifting. Recent MMN results on chronic alcoholism in turn suggest that auditory sensory traces decay slightly faster and are substantially more vulnerable to the distracting effect of backward masking in alcoholics than in healthy subjects. Furthermore, chronic alcohol abuse might accelerate the age-related impairment of automatic change detection. There is also evidence that the MMN changes might predict impaired performance in behavioral memory and attention tasks in alcoholics. In MMN studies of detoxified alcoholics, however, many confounding factors have to be taken into account. For instance, postwithdrawal brain hyperexcitability might be associated with a slightly enhanced or accelerated MMN/MMNm (the magnetic equivalent of MMN). In sum, MMN and MMNm provide an objective noninvasive tool for exploring the neurophysiological functional deficits related to both acute alcohol intoxication and chronic alcoholism.

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Event-related potentials in chronic alcoholics during withdrawal and abstinence

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

A Longitudinal Twin Study of Effects of Adolescent Alcohol Abuse on the Neurophysiology of Attention and Orienting

A Longitudinal Twin Study of Effects of Adolescent Alcohol Abuse on the Neurophysiology of Attention and Orienting

Alcohol‐Related ERP Changes Recorded From Different Modalities: A Topographic Analysis

Acute and Chronic Effects of Alcohol on Preattentive Auditory Processing as Reflected by Mismatch Negativity

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