Event-related potential studies of language and emotion: words, phrases, and task effects

Electrophysiological differences in the processing of affective information in words and pictures

“…Similarly, pear (Naumann et al, 1992;Naumann et al, 1997). Moreover, Fischler and Bradley (2006) have shown that effects of word emotionality on late positivities are consistently found when the task requires semantic processing of the words, but not otherwise. Finally, it has been suggested that word class might produce somewhat different effects processing of emotional content and neutral words (Naumann et al, 1997;Vanderploeg et al, 1987).…”

The appraisal of facial beauty is rapid but not mandatory

“…The portraits were presented on a comemotional stimuli, including affectively connotated words (Fischler & Bradley, 2006;Schacht & Sommer, 2008), scenic pictures (Cuthbert, Schupp, Bradley, Birbaumer, & Lang, 2000;, and faces with emotional expressions (e.g., Schupp, Öhman, et al, 2004;Schutter, de Haan, & van Honk, 2004;Werheid, Alpay, Jentzsch, & Sommer, 2005).…”

The dynamic influence of emotional words on sentence comprehension: An ERP study

“…In addition to the early ERP effects that reflect automatic attention captured by emotionality, some other emotional ERP effects have also been reported. For instance, as compared to neutral words, emotional words elicit a larger P2 (Herbert, Kissler, Junghöfer, Peyk, & Rockstroh, 2006;Wang & Bastiaansen, 2014), early posterior negativity (EPN; Herbert, Junghöfer, & Kissler, 2008;Kissler, Herbert, Winkler, & Junghöfer, 2009;Schacht & Sommer, 2009), and late positive complex (LPC; Carretié et al, 2008;Fischler & Bradley, 2006;Hinojosa, Méndez-Bértolo, & Pozo, 2010;Kanske & Kotz, 2007), probably reflecting greater evaluation of the emotional significance carried by emotional words.…”

“…So far, several studies have attempted to use single words (Fischler & Bradley, 2006;Hinojosa et al, 2012), sentence frames (Ding et al, 2015;Moreno & Vázquez, 2011), and paragraphs to set up emotional context and have examined how the emotional context modulates the analysis of different levels of upcoming neutral information. For instance, Hinojosa et al (2012) reported larger N1 and LPC amplitudes in response to neutral words primed by high-arousal rather than by low-arousal positive words in the lexical-decision task, indicating potentiated perceptual processing and enhanced postlexical analyses of neutral information following high-arousal information.…”