Event-related potential (ERP) correlates of memory blocking and priming during a word fragment test

Rass, Olga; Landau, Joshua D.; Curran, Tim; Leynes, P. Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.07.001

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…More specifically, judging famous faces in Nessler et al (2005) study and relatively deep encoding in the Kurilla and Gonsalves (2012) and Woollams et al (2008) studies could have increased the contribution of explicit memory to the judgment. Similar research from our laboratory that investigated explicit and implicit memory processing during fragment completion also revealed more positive ERPs elicited by primed/fluent stimuli (Rass, Landau, Curran, & Leynes, 2010; see also Rugg et al, 1998). These results from a variety of paradigms suggest that there is a complex interaction between repetition fluency and explicit memory that might affect the polarity of the early parietal ERPs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for fluency-based recognition memory

Leynes

Zish

2012

Neuropsychologia

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for fluency-based recognition memory

Leynes

Zish

2012

Neuropsychologia

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“…This positive slow wave (PSW) effect is typically maximal over anterior electrode sites. Retrieval from semantic memory has been related to a similar PSW effect, although the topography and timing have varied between tasks and studies [ 5 ], [ 20 ], [ 21 ]. Rass and colleagues (2010) observed that competitive word-fragment completion, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive Semantic Memory Retrieval: Temporal Dynamics Revealed by Event-Related Potentials

Hellerstedt

Johansson

2016

PLoS ONE

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Memories compete for retrieval when they are related to a common retrieval cue. Previous research has shown that retrieval of a target memory may lead to subsequent retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) of currently irrelevant competing memories. In the present study, we investigated the time course of competitive semantic retrieval and examined the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying RIF. We contrasted two theoretical accounts of RIF by examining a critical aspect of this memory phenomenon, namely the extent to which it depends on successful retrieval of the target memory. Participants first studied category-exemplar word-pairs (e.g. Fruit—Apple). Next, we recorded electrophysiological measures of brain activity while the participants performed a competitive semantic cued-recall task. In this task, the participants were provided with the studied categories but they were instructed to retrieve other unstudied exemplars (e.g. Fruit—Ma__?). We investigated the event-related potential (ERP) correlates of retrieval success by comparing ERPs from successful and failed retrieval trials. To isolate the ERP correlates of continuous retrieval attempts from the ERP correlates of retrieval success, we included an impossible retrieval condition, with incompletable word-stem cues (Drinks—Wy__) and compared it with a non-retrieval presentation baseline condition (Occupation—Dentist). The participants’ memory for all the studied exemplars was tested in the final phase of the experiment. Taken together, the behavioural results suggest that RIF is independent of target retrieval. Beyond investigating the mechanisms underlying RIF, the present study also elucidates the temporal dynamics of semantic cued-recall by isolating the ERP correlates of retrieval attempt and retrieval success. The ERP results revealed that retrieval attempt is reflected in a late posterior negativity, possibly indicating construction of candidates for completing the word-stem cue and retrieval monitoring whereas retrieval success was reflected in an anterior positive slow wave.

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“…Study procedures and dependent measures were similar to those used by Rass et al (2010). During the encoding phase, participants read aloud the solutions to 120 test fragments, presented in a random order by the software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Omission errors happened when response time elapsed without a response. A blind rater examined all other responses to code for words that did not fit the fragment or non-word responses (other error) or intrusion errors (Rass et al, 2010 for details). To control for group baseline differences, errors were scaled to form a proportion of total error where the proportion of intrusion, omission, and other error summed to one.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SZ patients have shown deficits in tasks investigating memory failure, including reduced inhibition in directed forgetting (Muller et al, 2005; Racsmany et al, 2008; Soriano et al, 2009b) and retrieval-induced forgetting (Soriano et al, 2009a). Blocking has not been investigated in SZ; however, patients might not show deficits because WFC is a perceptually-based task that does not rely on explicit memory (Soler et al, 2007) and evidence suggests that blocking effects represent interference in implicit memory (Healy et al, 2010; Lustig and Hasher, 2001; Rass et al, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Memory blocking in schizophrenia reflects deficient retrieval control mechanisms

Rass

Leynes

Hetrick

et al. 2011

Schizophrenia Research

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Retrieval interference and orthographic processing were evaluated in schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder, and non-psychiatric control participants using a word fragment completion paradigm. Participants studied solutions and later completed corresponding fragments preceded by solutions, orthographically similar blocking words, or ampersands. Although schizophrenia patients completed fewest fragments, they showed equivalent repetition priming and blocking magnitude, supporting intact orthographic processing. Schizophrenia patients were more likely to commit intrusions in the blocking condition, whereas control participants displayed better mental control because they were more likely to withhold the response. These results suggest schizophrenia patients show abnormal functioning of control mechanisms responsible for selection and inhibition of competitors.

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Event-related potential (ERP) correlates of memory blocking and priming during a word fragment test

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for fluency-based recognition memory

Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for fluency-based recognition memory

Competitive Semantic Memory Retrieval: Temporal Dynamics Revealed by Event-Related Potentials

Memory blocking in schizophrenia reflects deficient retrieval control mechanisms

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