Evening types are prone to depression

Merikanto, Ilona; Lahti, Tuuli; Kronholm, Erkki; Peltonen, Markku; Laatikainen, Tiina; Vartiainen, Erkki; Salomaa, Veikko; Partonen, Timo

doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.784770

Cited by 200 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

107

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As sleep–wake timing and diurnal preference have been associated with individual differences in sleep quality,49 metabolism,50 and mental health,51 we also assessed this aspect of sleep. PC1 component explained 34% of the variation across all studied measures within this domain (see Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep deficits but no metabolic deficits in premanifest Huntington's disease

Lázár

Panin

Goodman

et al. 2015

Annals of Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveHuntington disease (HD) is a fatal autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressively worsening motor and nonmotor problems including cognitive and neuropsychiatric disturbances, along with sleep abnormalities and weight loss. However, it is not known whether sleep disturbances and metabolic abnormalities underlying the weight loss are present at a premanifest stage.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive sleep and metabolic study in 38 premanifest gene carrier individuals and 36 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The study consisted of 2 weeks of actigraphy at home, 2 nights of polysomnography and multiple sleep latency tests in the laboratory, and body composition assessment using dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry scanning with energy expenditure measured over 10 days at home by doubly labeled water and for 36 hours in the laboratory by indirect calorimetry along with detailed cognitive and clinical assessments. We performed a principal component analyses across all measures within each studied domain.ResultsCompared to controls, premanifest gene carriers had more disrupted sleep, which was best characterized by a fragmented sleep profile. These abnormalities, as well as a theta power (4–7Hz) decrease in rapid eye movement sleep, were associated with disease burden score. Objectively measured sleep problems coincided with the development of cognitive, affective, and subtle motor deficits and were not associated with any metabolic alterations.InterpretationThe results show that among the earliest abnormalities in premanifest HD is sleep disturbances. This raises questions as to where the pathology in HD begins and also whether it could drive some of the early features and even possibly the pathology. Ann Neurol 2015;78:630–648

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep deficits but no metabolic deficits in premanifest Huntington's disease

Lázár

Panin

Goodman

et al. 2015

Annals of Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are natural variations in chronotype at all ages with some showing morning preference and some showing evening preference. Extreme chronotypes are associated with multiple psychiatric disorders (47)(48)(49)(50), and it would be interesting in future studies to determine how molecular rhythms correlate with chronotype. Interestingly, a condition called "sundowning" or "sundown syndrome" affects some 20-40% of older people with dementia or Alzheimer's disease where they become confused, delirious, anxious, and agitated in the evening when the sun goes down, causing them to wander, become combative, and have difficulties sleeping (51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aging on circadian patterns of gene expression in the human prefrontal cortex

Chen

Logan

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

213

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With aging, significant changes in circadian rhythms occur, including a shift in phase toward a “morning” chronotype and a loss of rhythmicity in circulating hormones. However, the effects of aging on molecular rhythms in the human brain have remained elusive. Here, we used a previously described time-of-death analysis to identify transcripts throughout the genome that have a significant circadian rhythm in expression in the human prefrontal cortex [Brodmann’s area 11 (BA11) and BA47]. Expression levels were determined by microarray analysis in 146 individuals. Rhythmicity in expression was found in ∼10% of detected transcripts (P < 0.05). Using a metaanalysis across the two brain areas, we identified a core set of 235 genes (q < 0.05) with significant circadian rhythms of expression. These 235 genes showed 92% concordance in the phase of expression between the two areas. In addition to the canonical core circadian genes, a number of other genes were found to exhibit rhythmic expression in the brain. Notably, we identified more than 1,000 genes (1,186 in BA11; 1,591 in BA47) that exhibited age-dependent rhythmicity or alterations in rhythmicity patterns with aging. Interestingly, a set of transcripts gained rhythmicity in older individuals, which may represent a compensatory mechanism due to a loss of canonical clock function. Thus, we confirm that rhythmic gene expression can be reliably measured in human brain and identified for the first time (to our knowledge) significant changes in molecular rhythms with aging that may contribute to altered cognition, sleep, and mood in later life.

show abstract

“…Since this is the first study examining cognitive reactivity and rumination in relation to chronotype and depression, the size of such effects remains to be further determined. Finally, it should be noted that we used the MCTQ as a measure of chronotype assessment, whereas most prior studies examining the association between chronotype and depression (Chan et al, 2014;Chelminski et al, 1999;Kitamura et al, 2010;Merikanto et al, 2013;Muller et al, 2016a) have used the MorningnessEveningness Questionnaire (Horne & Ostberg, 1976). The MCTQ correlates with the MEQ (r = -0.73) (Zavada et al, 2005) and while the MCTQ reflects actual sleep patterns during work days and free days, the MEQ represents a more global preference for sleep patterns as well as for performing mental and physical activities either in early or late hours (Adan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Effect Of IV On M (A) Effect Of M On Dv (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown a consistent association between eveningness and depressive symptoms (Kitamura et al, 2010;Levandovski et al, 2011;Merikanto et al, 2013;Selvi et al, 2010) or depressive disorder (Antypa et al, 2016;Drennan et al, 1991) with some variability in effect sizes, ranging from large to small. The mechanism underlying this association is largely unclear, however.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between chronotypes and psychological vulnerability factors of depression

Antypa

Verkuil

Molendijk

et al. 2017

Chronobiology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronotypes have been associated with psychopathology. The eveningness chronotype has been consistently linked with depressed states or depressive disorder, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Prior studies have shown associations between chronotype and personality traits that are linked to depression (e.g. neuroticism), but other psychological vulnerability factors have not been previously investigated in relation to chronotypes. The aim of this study was to examine the association between chronotypes, depression and psychological risk factors of depression (namely, cognitive reactivity and worry), in a large cohort of depressed patients and healthy individuals. We used data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (n = 1654), which includes 1227 clinically diagnosed individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of depression and 427 healthy controls. We assessed cognitive reactivity (Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity-Revised) and trait worry (Penn State Worry Questionnaire). We controlled for sociodemographic factors as well as for insomnia and neuroticism. We found that the evening type is associated with higher cognitive reactivity scores, especially with increased rumination. Cognitive reactivity also mediated the relationship between chronotype and depression status, even when controlling for neuroticism and insomnia. Trait worry was not associated with chronotype. Our findings show that depressogenic cognitions are more prevalent in evening types and perhaps mediate the association between chronotype and depression. Further prospective research is needed to determine the timeline of the association. Nevertheless, results imply that targeting depressogenic cognitive processes, perhaps in combination with chronotherapeutic treatments, may be particularly useful in evening types. ARTICLE HISTORY

show abstract

Evening types are prone to depression

Cited by 200 publications

References 32 publications

Sleep deficits but no metabolic deficits in premanifest Huntington's disease

Sleep deficits but no metabolic deficits in premanifest Huntington's disease

Effects of aging on circadian patterns of gene expression in the human prefrontal cortex

Associations between chronotypes and psychological vulnerability factors of depression

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About