Evapotranspiration partitioning, stomatal conductance, and components of the water balance: A special case of a desert ecosystem in China

Zhao, Wenzhi; Liu, Bing; Chang, Xueli; Yang, Qiyue; Yang, Yuting; Liu, Zhiling; Cleverly, James; Eamus, Derek

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.04.042

Cited by 56 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Wei et al (2017) stated that most isotope-based studies report higher transpiration fraction than nonisotopebased measurements. Zhao et al (2016) used sap flow measurements in the middle reaches of the HRB and found that T/ET of the Calligonum shrub ecosystem was about 0.66 during the growing season (May-September) from 2008 to 2010, which is similar to the result obtained here (0.67 ± 0.06) for the T. ramosissima shrub ecosystem. Comparisons indicate that T/ET varied among the different ecosystems in the HRB and the modeling results are comparable with the available results within the HRB using other observation methods.…”

Section: 1029/2018jd029680supporting

confidence: 83%

“…Transpiration represents the largest loss of water from ecosystems (Berkelhammer et al, 2016;Sun et al, 2014), and the quantification of T/ET still faces many uncertainties. Understanding the seasonality of T/ET can reveal details of the processes that underlie ecosystem hydrological budgets and their feedback to the water cycle (Kool et al, 2014;Li et al, 2013;Velpuri & Senay, 2017;Wen et al, 2016;Zhao et al, 2016). The T/ET can vary between 20% and 95% across ecosystems (Berkelhammer et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonality of the Transpiration Fraction and Its Controls Across Typical Ecosystems Within the Heihe River Basin

Tong

Wang

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

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Understanding the seasonality of the transpiration fraction (T/ET) of total terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) is vital for coupling ecological and hydrological systems and quantifying the heterogeneity among various ecosystems. In this study, a two‐source model was used to estimate T/ET in five ecosystems over the Heihe River Basin. In situ measurements of daily energy flux, sap flow, and surface soil temperature were compared with model outputs for 2014 and 2015. Agreement between model predictions and observations demonstrates good performance in capturing the ecosystem seasonality of T/ET. In addition, sensitivity analysis indicated that the model is insensitive to errors in measured input variables and parameters. T/ET among the five sites showed only slight interannual fluctuations while exhibited significant seasonality. All the ecosystems presented a single‐peak trend, reaching the maximum value in July and fluctuating day to day. During the growing season, average T/ET was the highest for the cropland ecosystem (0.80 ± 0.13), followed by the alpine meadow ecosystem (0.79 ± 0.12), the desert riparian forest Populus euphratica (0.67 ± 0.07), the Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb desert riparian shrub ecosystem (0.67 ± 0.06), and the alpine swamp meadow (0.55 ± 0.23). Leaf area index exerted a first‐order control on T/ET and showed divergence among the five ecosystems because of different vegetation dynamics and environmental conditions (e.g., water availability or vapor pressure deficits). This study quantified transpiration fraction across diverse ecosystems within the same water basin and emphasized the biotic controls on the seasonality of the transpiration fraction.

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Section: 1029/2018jd029680supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of the Transpiration Fraction and Its Controls Across Typical Ecosystems Within the Heihe River Basin

Tong

Wang

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

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“…This study used ecophysiological indicators to assess drought responses of a broad range of plant species native to semi-arid Western Australia in order to inform seedling performance in drought prone environments (Donovan & Ehleringer, 1991;Zhao et al, 2016). Plant stomatal conductance and the level of leaf conductance are strongly associated with soil water potential; thus, the selection of these plant measurements as indicators for seedling responses to drought enabled us to identify variation in species responses throughout the entire drought period and the threshold at which seedlings desiccated (Franks, 2004;Tyree & Zimmermann, 2013).…”

Section: Plant Morphology and Ecophysiological Characteristics Are Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological Indicators to Assess Drought Responses of Arid Zone Native Seedlings in Reconstructed Soils

et al. 2016

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Restoration of degraded arid and semi‐arid land faces the challenge of reinstating vegetation communities exposed to limited and variable rainfall events that in combination with a deficit of original topsoil may exceed thresholds for seedling development. In a series of glasshouse experiments, we evaluated variation in drought responses of (i) 21 arid zone plant species from the mining intensive Pilbara region of Western Australia in an original topsoil substrate and (ii) four selected species (Acacia inaequilatera, Acacia spondylophylla, Eucalyptus leucophloia and Triodia epactia) in three different soil substrates (topsoil, overburden material and a blend of both soil materials) that may be considered as an alternative substrate for restoration. Seedling drought responses were tested using ecophysiological indicators (e.g. stomatal conductance and leaf water potential (Ψleaf) at the time of stomatal closure, among others) during soil drying. Our results showed that plant life form and morphological traits interact with ecophysiological indicators to show that trees are significantly less tolerant to drought‐related stress than shrubs and herbs (p ≤ 0·05). When grown in overburden material seedlings experienced a decline in overall plant growth (87% in T. epactia and 62% in E. leucophloia) and ecophysiological drought tolerance. These responses are evidence of the low quality of the overburden substrate, which has a depleted nutrient content and low water retention capacity. Overall, this study highlights the sensitivity of early seedling development and the importance of facilitating seedling recruitment and survival to secure successful arid zone restoration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The average annual temperature and precipitation over the past five decades are around 5.4 °C and 204.0 mm, respectively, with the annual potential evaporation of 2365.0 mm [45]. Spring wheat and maize (C4 plant) are the major crops in this site, of which spring wheat is generally sown in late March and harvested in the middle 10 days of July, while maize is sown in late April and harvested in the middle 10 days of September [46]. The maximum canopy height and the maximum LAI are 2.1 m and about 5.6 m 2 m −2 , respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This site represents an extremely arid region with scarce precipitation (116.8 mm per year) and high potential evapotranspiration. The potential evaporation is approximately 3755.0 mm per year and the average temperature is about 9.6 • C per year, with a frost-free period of 165 days [46]. Vegetation covers ranging from 15% to 20% and consists of desert shrubs comprising Populuseuphratica, Tamarix, and other arid region species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Vegetation Effect on ET Partitioning Based on Eddy Covariance Method at Five Different Sites of Northern China

Chen

Liu

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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Vegetation exerts profound influences on evapotranspiration (ET) partitioning. Many studies have demonstrated the positive impact of vegetation cover on the ratio of transpiration (T) to ET. Whether it is universally true with regard to different vegetation types and different sites is understudied. In this study, five sites in Northern China with different vegetation types were selected for comparison study. ET partitioning is conducted using an approach based on the concept of the underlying water use efficiency with eddy covariance measurements. The results show various patterns of vegetation's effects over ET partitioning and, when compared with existing studies, also reveal a new relationship between the T/ET ratio and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at some of the sites. At the alpine meadow site, the T/ET ratio gradually increase when NDVI is low and rapidly increase as NDVI go beyond a certain value, whereas at the arid shrub site, the T/ET ratio rapidly increase when NDVI is low and plateaus at a certain value when NDVI reaches a relatively high value. In deciduous forest, the T/ET ratio becomes unresponsive to NDVI beyond a threshold value. This study also reveals that irrigation schemes play a major role in determining the correlation between the T/ET ratio and NDVI because the T/ET ratio becomes well correlated with NDVI in case of flood irrigation and irrelevant to NDVI in the case of mulch drip irrigation. Furthermore, this study helps us to understand ET partitioning under different sites and different human activities such as irrigation. These findings can help policymakers to better understand the connection between vegetation and climate change or human activities and provide significant information for water management policy. partitioning owing to the fact that transpiration accounts for the major portion of ET and is intrinsically linked to photosynthesis or plant productivity [7,8]. Furthermore, how vegetation responds to climate change is complex, particularly under climate extremes such as drought, which makes the relationship between vegetation and ET partitioning more complicated [9,10].Previously, many efforts have been devoted to investigating the relationship between vegetation and ET partitioning on different spatial and temporal scales [11][12][13][14]. It has been reported that the T/ET ratio fluctuates among different vegetation types [15] and normally increases from grass to shrub to trees. For instance, Moran et al.[16] estimated the T/ET ratio in a grassland and shrub site within the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeast Arizona, USA. The outcomes showed that T/ET is higher for the grass-dominated site compared to the shrub-dominated site. Furthermore, some studies also revealed that the T/ET ratio is higher for deep-rooted trees as compared to grasses. Apart from vegetation type, ET partitioning is also significantly associated with vegetation index. The majority of studies in the past stated that T/ET ratio is positively correlated to leaf area index ...

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Evapotranspiration partitioning, stomatal conductance, and components of the water balance: A special case of a desert ecosystem in China

Cited by 56 publications

References 80 publications

Seasonality of the Transpiration Fraction and Its Controls Across Typical Ecosystems Within the Heihe River Basin

Seasonality of the Transpiration Fraction and Its Controls Across Typical Ecosystems Within the Heihe River Basin

Ecophysiological Indicators to Assess Drought Responses of Arid Zone Native Seedlings in Reconstructed Soils

Comparison of the Vegetation Effect on ET Partitioning Based on Eddy Covariance Method at Five Different Sites of Northern China

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