Evapotranspiration from subsurface horizontal flow wetlands planted with Phragmites australis in sub-tropical Australia

Headley, Thomas R.; Davison, Leigh; Huett, DO; Müller, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2011.10.042

Cited by 100 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In Australia, the subtropical wetland studies focus on water treatment wetlands where the "clothes line effect" is noted (Headley et al, 2012) and in South America the focus is forest wetlands (Fujieda et al, 1997). In the Northern Hemisphere however, the Florida (USA) Everglades wetland region has been studied intensively and the results at Mfabeni Mire can be compared with studies by Mao et al (2002) and Abtew (1996) who found ET rates slightly higher than those measured at the Mfabeni Mire over cattail and saw-grass vegetation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and modelling of evaporation from a coastal wetland in Maputaland, South Africa

Clulow

Everson

Mengistu

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The surface renewal (SR) method was used to determine the long-term (12 months) total evaporation (ET) from the Mfabeni Mire with calibration using eddy covariance during two window periods of approximately one week each. The SR method was found to be inexpensive, reliable and with low power requirements for unattended operation.Despite maximum ET rates of up to 6.0 mm day −1 , the average summer (October to March) ET was lower (3.2 mm day −1 ) due to early morning cloud cover that persisted until nearly midday at times. This reduced the daily available energy, and the ET was lower than expected despite the available water and high average wind speeds. In winter (May to September), there was less cloud cover but the average ET was only 1.8 mm day −1 due to plant senescence. In general ET was suppressed by the inflow of humid air (low vapour pressure deficit) and the comparatively low leaf area index of the wetland vegetation. The accumulated ET over 12 months was 900 mm. Daily ET estimates were compared to the Priestley-Taylor model results and a calibration α = 1.0 (R 2 = 0.96) was obtained for the site. A monthly crop factor (K c ) was determined for the standardised FAO-56 Penman-Monteith. However, K c was variable in some months and should be used with caution for daily ET modelling.These results represent not only some of the first longterm measurements of ET from a wetland in southern Africa, but also one of the few studies of actual ET in a subtropical peatland in the Southern Hemisphere. The study provides wetland ecologists and hydrologists with guidelines for the use of two internationally applied models for the estimation of wetland ET within a coastal, subtropical environment and shows that wetlands are not necessarily high water users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and modelling of evaporation from a coastal wetland in Maputaland, South Africa

Clulow

Everson

Mengistu

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Based on the findings of Headley et al [41], measuring the rate of evapotranspiration from subsurface horizontal flow wetlands planted with Phragmites australis in sub-tropical environment, an average loss of 10% of water by evapotranspiration from soil and plants was considered. By applying Equation (3) we got a residence time in the HF CW of 11.75 days.…”

Section: Constructed Wetlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Strength Domestic Wastewater Treatment and Reuse with Onsite Passive Methods

Anda

López-López

Villegas-García

et al. 2018

Water

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This paper describes the preliminary monitoring results of an onsite pilot wastewater treatment plant consisting of a septic tank, an anaerobic up-flow filter, and a horizontal subsurface flow wetland system planted with Agapanthus africanus. The system was designed to treat heavily polluted domestic wastewater produced in a research and development (R&D) center, reaching additional goals of zero energy consumption and eliminating the use of chemical additives. First water quality data shows that organic load in the treated sewage were removed achieving more than 95% efficiency. Nutrients were removed by almost 50%, and fecal and total coliform counts decreased by 99.96%. The results were compared to official Mexican regulations for wastewater discharged into lakes and reservoirs complied with all of them except for nutrients. In this pilot project, the resulting treated wastewater was directly reused for watering the green areas of the R&D center. The result was that the excess of nutrients improved the quality of the grass, avoiding the use of synthetic fertilizers, and created a wetland habitat for small wildlife species living in the area.

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“…Borin et al [36] found a similar amplification of water loss from a CW planted with P. australis in a rather humid area in Italy. Water loss from the CW through ET slows flow velocities which induces longer retention times, and increased pollutant and salt concentrations in the water [35]. The transfer of water to the atmosphere is sometimes an advantage, mainly in humid environments [65].…”

Section: Microclimatic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Plants in a Constructed Wetland: Current and New Perspectives

Shelef

Gross

Rachmilevitch

2013

Water

172

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Abstract:The role of plants in the treatment of effluents by constructed wetland (CW) systems is under debate. Here, we review ways in which plants can affect CW processes and suggest two novel functions for plants in CWs. The first is salt phytoremediation by halophytes. We have strong evidence that halophytic plants can reduce wastewater salinity by accumulating salts in their tissues. Our studies have shown that Bassia indica, a halophytic annual, is capable of salt phytoremediation, accumulating sodium to up to 10% of its dry weight. The second novel use of plants in CWs is as phytoindicators of water quality. We demonstrate that accumulation of H 2 O 2 , a marker for plant stress, is reduced in the in successive treatment stages, where water quality is improved. It is recommended that monitoring and management of CWs consider the potential of plants as phytoremediators and phytoindicators.

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Evapotranspiration from subsurface horizontal flow wetlands planted with Phragmites australis in sub-tropical Australia

Cited by 100 publications

References 23 publications

Measurement and modelling of evaporation from a coastal wetland in Maputaland, South Africa

Measurement and modelling of evaporation from a coastal wetland in Maputaland, South Africa

High-Strength Domestic Wastewater Treatment and Reuse with Onsite Passive Methods

Role of Plants in a Constructed Wetland: Current and New Perspectives

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