Evaporite karst in Italy: a review

Waele, Jo De; Piccini, Leonardo; Columbu, Andrea; Madonia, Giuliana; Vattano, Marco; Calligaris, Chiara; D’Angeli, Ilenia Maria; Parise, Mario; Chiesi, M; Sivelli, Michele; Vigna, Bartolomeo; Zini, Luca; Chiarini, Veronica; Sauro, Francesco; Drysdale, Russell N.; Forti, Paolo

doi:10.5038/1827-806x.46.2.2107

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…The recharge of these systems is both autogenic (direct infiltration into the gypsum rocks through numerous dolines) and allogenic, through sinking rivers flowing from adjacent low permeability terrains. Geochemical analysis of infiltrating and spring waters, together with multiparametric monitoring of some of the most important springs has allowed characterization of these aquifers from a hydrogeological point of view (Bergianti et al, 2013;Tedeschi et al, 2015;D'Angeli et al, 2017).…”

Section: General Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gypsum crops out in almost all Italian regions, but the most significant evaporite karst areas are located in Piedmont, Emilia-Romagna, Marche, Tuscany, Calabria, and Sicily (Madonia & Forti, 2003;De Waele et al, 2017). Gypsum caves are often of the throughflow type, with a blind valley (sinking stream) and a downstream spring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several long gypsum cave-systems; the longest one is Aquafredda-Spipola near Bologna, Emilia-Romagna (Lucci & Rossi, 2011) reaching a development of over 10 km. Because of the gradual uplift of the Apennines some systems are still-active multi-level caves, formed over the last 500 ka (Columbu et al, 2015(Columbu et al, , 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the period 2010-2014, a detailed geochemical and microbiological quality assessment of the waters in the Emilia-Romagna gypsum areas was carried out in the framework of the European Project "LIFE + 08NAT/IT/000369 Gypsum" (Bergianti et al, 2013;D'Angeli et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeological flow in gypsum karst areas: some examples from northern Italy and main circulation models

Vigna¹,

D’Angeli²,

Fiorucci³

et al. 2017

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Abstract:A Messinian succession containing gypsum beds crops out in northern Italy, mainly in Piedmont and along the northern flank of the Apennine mountains in Emilia-Romagna. These gypsum bodies have been extensively quarried at the surface, in outcrops, and through underground quarries. In Emilia-Romagna these gypsum outcrops can be rather extensive, several km long and up to 1 km wide, while in Piedmont they are mostly covered by silty-marly deposits of Upper Messinian and Pliocene age and show only sparse and small outcrops. The underground quarrying of these evaporite bodies in Piedmont has allowed studying in detail their hydrogeology, and the ways in which water flows through these karst rocks. In contrast, in Emilia-Romagna the hydrogeology of these aquifers has been studied with traditional spring water monitoring and speleological methods. On the basis of the results it has been possible to define three conceptual models regarding the water circulation in these evaporites, similar to the models existing for carbonate aquifers. The models represent aquifers with decreasing vulnerability to pollution, from the more vulnerable system with dominant conduit drainage, characterizing most of the known gypsum aquifers, to those with interconnected conduit drainage and with dispersive circulation.

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Section: General Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeological flow in gypsum karst areas: some examples from northern Italy and main circulation models

Vigna¹,

D’Angeli²,

Fiorucci³

et al. 2017

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“…3E). The above-cited events are probably the best known in NE Italy related to evaporite subsidence phenomena (De Waele et al, 2017), but the surroundings of Quinis and Enemonzo villages are heavily affected by evaporite dissolution processes. Gortani (1965) reported the occurrence of three significant collapses, one in October 1962 and the other two in October 1964.…”

Section: Sinkhole Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of multi-criteria and nearest neighbour analysis with kernel density functions for improving sinkhole susceptibility models: the case study of Enemonzo (NE Italy)

Calligaris¹,

Devoto²,

Galvé³

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The significance of intra-mountain valleys to infrastructure and human settlements and the need to mitigate the geo-hazard affecting these assets are fundamental to the economy of Italian alpine regions. Therefore, there is a real need to recognize and assess possible geohazards affecting them. This study proposes the use of GIS-based analyses to construct a sinkhole susceptibility model based on conditioning factors such as land use, geomorphology, thickness of shallow deposits, distance to drainage network and distance to faults. Thirtytwo models, applied to a test site (Enemonzo municipality, NE Italy), were produced using a method based on the Likelihood Ratio (λ) function, nine with only one variable and 23 applying different combinations. The sinkhole susceptibility model with the best forecast performance, with an Area Under the Prediction Rate Curve (AUPRC) of 0.88, was that combining the following parameters: Nearest Sinkhole Distance (NSD), land use and thickness of the surficial deposits. The introduction of NSD as a continuous variable in the computation represents an important upgrade in the prediction capability of the model. Additionally, the model was refined using a kernel density estimation that produced a significant improvement in the forecast performance.evaporite karst, sinkhole, susceptibility, nearest neighbour, prediction-rate curves Calligaris C., Devoto S., Galve J.P., Zini L. and Pérez-Peña, J.V., 2017. Integration of multicriteria and nearest neighbour analysis with kernel density functions for improving sinkhole susceptibility models: the case study of Enemonzo (NE Italy).

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Speleogenesis

2022

Karst Hydrogeology, Geomorphology and Caves

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Evaporite karst in Italy: a review

Cited by 49 publications

References 70 publications

Hydrogeological flow in gypsum karst areas: some examples from northern Italy and main circulation models

Hydrogeological flow in gypsum karst areas: some examples from northern Italy and main circulation models

Integration of multi-criteria and nearest neighbour analysis with kernel density functions for improving sinkhole susceptibility models: the case study of Enemonzo (NE Italy)

Speleogenesis

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