Evaporation of macroscopic sessile droplets

Cazabat, A. M.; Guéna, Geoffroy

doi:10.1039/b924477h

Cited by 287 publications

(354 citation statements)

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“…While in this case it is often observed that drops are either pinned completely (i.e. the radius is constant, (Gelderblom et al 2011)) or perform a stick-slip motion (Cazabat & Guéna 2010), for our systems we observe the drop radius to shrink continuously during evaporation without pinning. We attribute this to our careful sample preparation, described in detail below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Since the speed of retraction is slow, as measured for example by the capillary number (Larson 2014), the dynamic contact angle is close to its constant equilibrium value, and the mode of evaporation is one of constant contact angle (Stauber et al 2015). As is well known (Cazabat & Guéna 2010;Stauber et al 2015), combining the evaporation rate (2.5) with the formula for the volume of a small (i.e. spherical cap-shaped) drop, one finds the drop radius to shrink like…”

Section: A Single Small Dropmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we will explain in more detail below, linear scaling with size results from the evaporation rate being governed by the diffusive transport through the vapor (Deegan et al 1997;Bonn et al 2009). The prefactor of this scaling law however depends on the shape of the drop, either through the contact angle (Gelderblom et al 2011;Sobac & Brutin 2011), or the fact that larger drops are flattened by gravity (Cazabat & Guéna 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, in the regime of slow evaporation considered here the evaporation is quasi-steady (Cazabat & Guéna 2010;Stauber et al 2015), hence evaporation rates are defined by the instantaneous drop shapes. As we will explain in more detail below, linear scaling with size results from the evaporation rate being governed by the diffusive transport through the vapor (Deegan et al 1997;Bonn et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These varied problems involve both evaporation from a single drop and from collections of drops. The physical processes which control the evaporation of a drop on a solid substrate have been the subject of a number of recent reviews (Cazabat & Guéna 2010;Erbil 2012;Larson 2014). Here we focus on two important aspects of this problem, which so far have received little attention: the influence drops inside a collection of drops have on one another, and the evaporation from very large drops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaporation of water: evaporation rate and collective effects

et al. 2016

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms We study the evaporation rate from single drops as well as collections of drops on a solid substrate, both experimentally and theoretically. For a single isolated drops of water, in general the evaporative flux is limited by diffusion of water through the air, leading to an evaporation rate that is proportional to the linear dimension of the drop. Here we test the limitations of this scaling law for several small drops, and for very large drops. We find that both for simple arrangements of drops, as well as for complex drop size distributions found in sprays, cooperative effects between drops are significant. For large drops, we find that the onset of convection introduces a length scale of about 20 mm in radius, below which linear scaling is found. Above this length scale, the evaporation rate is proportional to the surface area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: A Single Small Dropmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaporation of water: evaporation rate and collective effects

et al. 2016

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Droplets Drying on Surfaces

Talbot

Bain

Dier

et al. 2015

Fundamentals of Inkjet Printing

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Enabling Tunable Water‐Responsive Surface Adaptation of PDMS via Metal–Ligand Coordinated Dynamic Networks

Zhang

Crisci

Finlay

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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emerging as an enabling technology. [1][2][3][4] The combination of flexibility and responsiveness allows applications in various fields, including wearable electronics, soft robotics, drug delivery, biomedical devices, and biomimetic design. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Among various material options, polymers play an essential role in fabricating flexible sensors and soft actuators due to their tailorability and the potential of integrating multiple functionalities, such as adaptive response to signals (e.g., chemical, mechanical, electrical), energy harvesting and storage, and biochemical sensing. [3,10] Adding responsive functionality to a polymer often involves methods such as copolymerizing monomers with different capability, attaching layers of active materials to a polymer matrix, building in molecular orientation or internal polarization, introducing structural heterogeneity by combining amorphous and crystalline domain or multi-layer assembly, and preparing composites by hybridizing organic and inorganic materials. [2,[11][12][13][14] Among various techniques, utilizing dynamic chemistry to enable polymer responsivity has received significant attention in the past few decades. [15,16] Reversible interactions, including dynamic covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, π-π stacking, and metal-ligand coordination, are susceptible to environmental variation and can achieve multiple physical and chemical responses via bond breaking and reforming. [17][18][19][20][21] Fascinating material properties arise from disrupting the equilibrium state of dynamic bonding, for example: polymers with spiropyran go through force-induced covalent-bond activation and give rise to visible color and fluorescence; supramolecular polymers containing metal-ligand motifs can self-heal by exposing to ultraviolet irradiation; and polymers functionalized by self-complementary hydrogen bonded ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) moieties shows shape-memory effect through temperature change. [22][23][24] Among these options, metal-ligand coordination bonding is particularly appealing to realize a particular desired response, because of the ease of tuning the stability of the bond.One of the most popular polymers for fabricating sensors and actuators is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). [2,7] It commonly serves as an essential substrate or a responsive component due to the attractive physical and chemical properties, including low Polymers are at the core of emerging flexible sensor and soft actuator technology. Ideal candidates not only respond to external stimuli but also have programmable response intensity and speed. Incorporating dynamic interactions into polymers has been widely studied. However, most research has focused on synthesis methods and on optical and mechanical effects of these interactions. Here, a new and tunable method of enabling environmentally adaptive polymers are introduced. Specifically, polar functionalities are "hidden" within polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). When unveiled, these polar functionalities change the hydrophilicity ...

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Evaporation of macroscopic sessile droplets

Abstract: This review is aimed at presenting the evaporation of macroscopic sessile droplets on inert substrates in normal atmosphere in simple cases, as a basis for more complex analyses.

Cited by 287 publications

References 108 publications

Evaporation of water: evaporation rate and collective effects

Evaporation of water: evaporation rate and collective effects

Droplets Drying on Surfaces

Enabling Tunable Water‐Responsive Surface Adaptation of PDMS via Metal–Ligand Coordinated Dynamic Networks

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