Evaporation from a central Siberian pine forest

Kelliher, Francis M.; Lloyd, Jon; Arneth, Almut; Byers, J. N.; McSeveny, T. M.; Milukova, I.; Grigoriev, S. N.; Panfyorov, M.; Sogatchev, A.; Varlargin, A.; Ziegler, W.; Bauer, G.; Schulze, Ernst Detlef

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(98)00082-1

Cited by 125 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[35] Scots pine growing in central Siberia may experience regular shortages in water availability, a result from the combination of low precipitation, high temperatures, and low soil water storage capacity [Kelliher et al, 1998]. Testing our original assumption that in this environment, increasing [CO 2 ] will lead to physiological adaptations that result in a more efficient use of water, in a third simulation run, g s was assumed to decline linearly as [CO 2 ] increased, which translates into a quadratic decline of l. The linear relation between g s and CO 2 is a necessary simplification because we are not aware of any study that aimed at defining a functional relationship between stomatal acclimation and increasing [CO 2 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[37] In coniferous forests, maximum and average canopy and surface conductances are greatly reduced when available soil water drops below a threshold of $0.5 field capacity; in Siberian pine forests this decline was linear when Â < 0.05 m 3 m À3 [Arneth et al, 1999;Kelliher et al, 1998]. Thus, while the increasing [CO 2 ] may explain much of the long-term trend, interannual differences in precipitation and soil water supply should be reflected in overlying short-term variation of D 13 C c .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an old-growth P. sylvestris forest in central Siberia a linear decline in surface conductance has been measured when soil volumetric moisture content Â was <0.05 [Kelliher et al, 1998]. A linear decline of g s translates in our model into a quadratic decline of l [see Lloyd and Farquhar, 1994, equation (3)] of the form…”

Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24] For the sandy soils at Zotino, Â was allowed to vary between 0.13 and 0.02 m 3 m À3 , which corresponds to a suction of 20 -1500 kPa [Kelliher et al, 1998]. From observations in soil pits the main rooting depth for water extraction was $0.3 m, although some roots were found down to 2 m depth.…”

Section: Soil Water Balance Subroutinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were collected along a N-S transect following the Yenisei River in central Siberia, a natural highway that extends from south of Krasnoyarsk (56°N) to the Arctic Ocean (72°N). Climate along this gradient changes significantly, but as Scots pine is usually found on free-draining, sandy soils with low water storage capacity, soil moisture (Â) deficit could be an important factor influencing tree carbon assimilation and transpiration during the summer period [Kelliher et al, 1998]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Arneth

Lloyd

Šantrůčková

et al. 2002

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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146

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[1] Twenty tree ring 13 C/ 12 C ratio chronologies from Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) trees were determined from five locations sampled along the Yenisei River, spaced over a total distance of $1000 km between the cities of Turuhansk (66°N) and Krasnoyarsk (56°N). The transect covered the major part of the natural distribution of Scots pine in the region with median growing season temperatures and precipitation varying from 12.2°C and 218 mm to 14.0°C and 278 mm for Turuhansk and Krasnoyarsk, respectively. A key focus of the study was to investigate the effects of variations in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric CO 2 concentration on long-and shortterm variation in photosynthetic 13 C discrimination during photosynthesis and the marginal cost of tree water use, as reflected in the differences in the historical records of the 13 C / 12 C ratio in wood cellulose compared to that of the atmosphere (D 13 C c ). In 17 of the 20 samples, trees D 13 C c has declined during the last 150 years, particularly so during the second half of the twentieth century. Using a model of stomatal behaviour combined with a process-based photosynthesis model, we deduce that this trend indicates a long-term decrease in canopy stomatal conductance, probably in response to increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. This response being observed for most trees along the transect is suggestive of widespread decreases in D 13 C c and increased water use efficiency for Scots pine in central Siberia over the last century. Overlying short-term variations in D 13 C c were also accounted for by the model and were related to variations in growing season soil water deficit and atmospheric humidity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Water Balance Subroutinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Arneth

Lloyd

Šantrůčková

et al. 2002

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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146

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Untitled

2001

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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On July 15 and 16, 1996, profiles of temperature, water vapor, carbon dioxide concentration, and its carbon isotopic composition were made within and above the convective boundary layer (CBL), near the village of Zotino in central Siberia (60øN, 89øE). On both days the CBL grew to a height of around 1000 m at midday after which little further growth was observed. This was despite high rates of sensible heat flux into the CBL from the predominantly coniferous vegetation below and was attributable to a high subsidence velocity. For all flights, marked discontinuities across the top of the CBL were observed for water vapor and CO2 concentrations with differences between the CBL and the free troposphere above being as high as 10 mmol mol-i and 13/xmol mo1-1, respectively. Associated with the lower CO2 concentrations within the CBL was an enrichment of the 6 13C in CO 2 of up to 0.7%o. Although for any one flight, fluctuations in CO2 and 6 13C within the CBL were small (less than 3/xmol mo1-1 and 0.1%o); they were well correlated and suggested a photosynthetic discrimination, A, by the vegetation below of-17%•. Estimates of regional A based on CBL budgeting techniques suggested values ranging from 14.8 to 20.4%•. CBL budgeting techniques were also used to estimate regional ecosystem carbon fluxes (-3 to-9/xmol m-2 s-i) and evaporation rates (1-3 mmol m-2 s-i). Agreement with ground-based tower measurements was reasonable, but a bootstrap error analysis suggested that errors associated with the integral CBL technique were sometimes unacceptably large, especially for estimates of regional photosynthetic 13C discrimination and regional evaporation rates. Conditions under which CBL techniques should result in reasonably accurate estimations of regional fluxes and isotopic fractionations are evaluated.

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Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties

Krauss

Conner

2014

Hydrol. Process.

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Abstract:Forests comprise approximately 37% of the terrestrial land surface and influence global water cycling. However, very little attention has been directed towards understanding environmental impacts on stand water use (S) or in identifying rates of S from specific forested wetlands. Here, we use sapflow techniques to address two separate but linked objectives: (1) determine S in four, hydrologically distinctive South Carolina (USA) wetland forests from 2009-2010 and (2) describe potential error, uncertainty and stand-level variation associated with these assessments. Sapflow measurements were made from a number of tree species for approximately 2-8 months over 2 years to initiate the model, which was applied to canopy trees (DBH > 10-20 cm). We determined that S in three healthy forested wetlands varied from 1.97-3.97 mm day À1 or 355-687 mm year À1 when scaled. In contrast, saltwater intrusion impacted individual tree physiology and size class distributions on a fourth site, which decreased S to 0.61-1.13 mm day À1 or 110-196 mm year À1 . The primary sources of error in estimations using sapflow probes would relate to calibration of probes and standardization relative to no flow periods and accounting for accurate sapflow attenuation with radial depth into the sapwood by species and site. Such inherent variation in water use among wetland forest stands makes small differences in S (<200 mm year À1 ) difficult to detect statistically through modelling, even though small differences may be important to local water cycling. These data also represent some of the first assessments of S from temperate, coastal forested wetlands along the Atlantic coast of the USA.

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Evaporation from a central Siberian pine forest

Cited by 125 publications

References 34 publications

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

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Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties

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Evaporation from a central Siberian pine forest

Cited by 125 publications

References 34 publications

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO2concentration

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO2concentration

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Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties

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Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration

Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long‐term trends in atmospheric CO₂concentration