Evaporating potential

Fang, Sunmiao; Li, Jidong; Xu, Ying; Shen, Chun; Guo, Wanlin

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2022.02.002

Cited by 74 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In addition, other polar molecules, such as methanol and acetonitrile, could generate voltages comparable to those induced by ethanol. 37 Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations (Fig. 8c) also found that oxygen-containing functional groups promoted the charge transfer (0.024 e) from water molecules to graphene.…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 91%

Hydrovoltaic technology: from mechanism to applications

et al. 2022

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Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 91%

Hydrovoltaic technology: from mechanism to applications

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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“…One pioneering research on streaming potential has shown that the evaporation of water with the immersion of a carbon black sheet (Figure 3j) can output electrical energy at the same level as that of a standard AA battery 88 . With a similar device configuration but a totally different mechanism, in a recent study, it was reported that evaporation of ethanol on nanostructured carbon films can also generate electrical energy, but its mechanism is not stream potential rather than new‐proposed evaporating potential 89 …”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrification of water: From basics to applications

Jin

Sun

et al. 2022

Droplet

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As the most common but indispensable matter to humankind, water usually stays in a macroscopically electric neutral state. Due to its inherent molecular polarity, however, water can be easily electrified, which builds a connection between water and electricity. Such a coupling of water and electricity abounds deep scientific basics and technological applications. The past several decades have witnessed extensive progress in studying the mutual effects between electricity and water, but a comprehensive review of its fundamentals and applications is still largely missing. In this review, we first reassess and classify the basic electrifying methods of water according to their mechanisms, then highlight how to leverage the bond nexus of water and electricity to achieve promising technical applications. We envision that this review will inspire multidisciplinary scientific communities to think and innovate more on the research of water, electricity, and their marriage.

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“…It is a discovery generated by carrier transfer driven by the evaporation of polar molecules. [38,39] Therefore, the specific mechanism of ion and electron action at the solid-liquid interface of the evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic effect still needs to be proved by appropriate theories and sophisticated experiments.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Electricity Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials for evaporation‐driven hydrovoltaic technology

Zheng

Chu

Fang

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Materials

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Water constitutes the largest energy carrier on earth, absorbing more than 70% of the solar energy received by the earth's surface, yet its low exploitation has been a constant concern. The hydrovoltaic effect is an emerging technology that generates electricity through the direct interaction between nanomaterials and water of various forms (raindrops, waves, flows, moisture, and natural evaporation). Especially, the evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic effect is a spontaneous and ubiquitous process that can directly convert thermal energy from the surrounding environment into electricity without the demand for additional mechanical work, which shows unique advantages compared with other hydrovoltaic effects. A variety of nanostructured materials have been steadily developed for evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic devices (EHDs) in recent years. However, there has been a lack of a clear specification on the selection and design of materials for improving device performance. Herein, we first analyze the mechanisms of EHDs followed by a summarization of the recent advances in materials, including carbon materials, biomass-based materials, metal oxides, composite materials, and others. We then discuss the strategies for improving the energy conversion efficiency and the output power in terms of structural design, surface modification, and interface treatment. Finally, we provide an outlook on the potential applications of electricity generation, sensors, and desalination technology, as well as the challenges and prospects for the development of this emerging technology in the future.

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Evaporating potential

Cited by 74 publications

References 47 publications

Hydrovoltaic technology: from mechanism to applications

Hydrovoltaic technology: from mechanism to applications

Electrification of water: From basics to applications

Materials for evaporation‐driven hydrovoltaic technology

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