Evaluation of X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy as a Tool for Nutrient Analysis of Pea Seeds

Abstract

S trategies to deliver mineral nutrients to susceptible populations include mineral supplementation (White and Broadley, 2005) and diet diversification (White and Broadley, 2009), but these approaches have had only moderate success. Alternative approaches include mineral fertilization, or biofortification, which refers to the development of micronutrient dense crops using traditional breeding practices and modern biotechnology (Nestel et al., 2006). Pulses are an important source of dietary minerals with a potential to provide 15 essential minerals required by humans (Wang et al., 2003). Saskatchewan, Canada, is a major pulse growing area being the major exporter of field peas to India, China, and Bangladesh (Ray et al., 2014). Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an annual, self-pollinated pulse crop and is one of the major legume crops grown in western Canada along with lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Peas are a rich source of protein, complex carbohydrates, fiber, B vitamins, minerals including K, Mg, Ca, and Fe (Warkentin et al., 2012), and phytochemicals such as saponins, polyphenolics, and flavonoids (Dahl et al., 2012) that have beneficial health effects. The high nutritional value of peas makes them

Characterization of pea seed nutritional value within a diverse population of Pisum sativum

“…The mineral concentration ranges observed in our survey are consistent with ranges reported for other P . sativum accessions suggesting that the nutrient levels in this study can be compared to other surveys of mineral composition [ 27 – 29 ]. Mineral nutrient values have not been reported for approximately ⅔ of the P .…”

“…sativum accessions from Turkey [ 28 ]. ICP-MS was used as a reference method to develop calibrations for X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy from 153 pea accessions in the University of Saskatchewan pea breeding program [ 29 ]. Smaller collections of P .…”

“…ICP-OES has also been used to survey 152 P. sativum accessions from Turkey [28]. ICP-MS was used as a reference method to develop calibrations for X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy from 153 pea accessions in the University of Saskatchewan pea breeding program [29]. Smaller collections of P. sativum have been analyzed for mineral content with a variety of methods [14,[30][31][32][33][34].…”

Identification of loci controlling mineral element concentration in soybean seeds

“…Spectroscopic methods such as energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) are increasingly gaining a foothold as they are easier to operate and constitute a non-destructive tool compared to wet chemistry methods such as flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) [ 7 ]. Recently, ED-XRF has been used successfully to assess Ca, K, P and S concentrations in soybean [ 8 , 9 ], in cacao [ 7 ] and in pea seeds [ 10 ]. In these studies, measurements obtained via spectroscopy were consistent with previous studies using more common but costly analytical methods.…”

Identification of Loci Controlling Mineral Element Concentration in Soybean Seeds

“…Spectroscopic methods such as energy dispersive X-ray uorescence (ED-XRF) are increasingly gaining a foothold as they are easier to operate and constitute a non-destructive tool compared to wet chemistry methods such as ame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) [7]. Recently, ED-XRF has been used successfully to assess Ca, K, P and S concentrations in soybean [8,9], in cacao [7] and in pea seeds [10]. In these studies, measurements obtained via spectroscopy were consistent with previous studies using more common but costly analytical methods.…”