Evaluation of white sweet potato tube-feeding formula in elderly diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background Elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications, thus diabetic patients with a functioning gastrointestinal tract but without sufficient oral intake require enteral nutrition (EN) formulas to control blood glucose. White sweet potato (WSP) was a kind of sweet potato could provide a healthy carbohydrate source to EN formula. The aim of this study was to examine at risk of malnutrition T2DM patients whether a WSP-EN would attenuate glucose response and elevate nutritional index compared to a standard polymeric formulas. Methods In this randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial to investigate the effects of EN with WSP on aged residents with T2DM in long-term care institutions. In total, 54 eligible participants were randomly assigned to either the non-WSP-EN or WSP-EN group. For 60 days, the WSP-EN group received a WSP formula through nasogastric tube via a stoma with a large-bore syringe. The participants received EN of standard polymeric formulas without WSP in the non-WSP-EN group. Results The body weight, body mass index, Mini Nutritional Assessment score, and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index were significantly higher in the WSP-EN group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the WSP-EN intervention reduced glycated hemoglobin levels (6.73% ± 1.47% vs. 6.40% ± 1.16%), but increased transferrin (223.06 ± 38.85 vs. 245.85 ± 46.08 mg/dL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (42.13 ± 10.56 vs. 44.25 ± 8.43 mg/dL), and vitamin A (2.45 ± 0.77 vs 2.74 ± 0.93 μM) levels (p < 0.05). In addition, there was no important side effects including gastrointestinal intolerance with prescribed doses in our WSP-EN treated patients when compared with control ones. Conclusions The results suggest WSP incorporated into enteral formulas can improve nutrition status and glycemic control in elderly diabetic patients. Trial registration NCT02711839, registered 27 May 2015.

White sweet potato ameliorates hyperglycemia and regenerates pancreatic islets in diabetic mice

“…10 (TNG10) -a new WSP cultivar that can provide 15.5 g of fiber per 100 g and has an average glycemic index of 36.2 -was found to reduce energy and glucose absorption in the intestines (29). WSP incorporated into enteral formulas also can improve nutrition status and glycemic control in elderly diabetic patients (30).…”

Low Urinary Potassium Excretion Is Associated with Higher Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Results of the Dutch Diabetes and Lifestyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT)

“…However, higher potato intake has been associated with an increased risk of diabetes, and increasing potato intake might therefore not be advisable in the T2D population (29). Some studies in mice and humans with diabetes show that potatoes might lower HbA1c, lipid concentrations, and other metabolic markers (30,31). Moreover, a recent study showed that, due to the biological rhythm of insulin secretion, consuming potato before noon is associated with long-term survival (32).…”

Effects of fatty acid‐blending heat‐moisture treatment on the physicochemical and in vitro digestion properties of sweet potato flour

“…Studies have shown that sweet potato contains not only rich nutrients such as vitamins and minerals but also bioactive components such as anthocyanins, cellulose, sweet potato polysaccharides, glycoproteins, phenols and low molecular sugars that have health care and diet functions (Tang et al ., 2014; Kurabachew, 2015). In mouse models of diabetes, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and tumours, sweet potato has shown good regulation and treatment effects (Kurata et al ., 2017; Ayeleso et al ., 2018; Chen et al ., 2019; Shih et al ., 2020).…”