Evaluation of watermark robustness to JPEG2000 based content adaptation attacks

Abstract

Bit streams of scalable coded media are adapted at various nodes in multimedia usage chains to cater the variations in network bandwidths, display device resolutions and resources and usage preferences. This is achieved by extracting the most relevant segments from the scalable coded bit stream corresponding to the quality-resolution requirements. Such adaptations can affect the watermarking information embedded in the content and can result in errors in extracting and authentication of such watermark data. A framework for evaluating watermarking robustness to JPEG2000 based content adaptation attacks is presented. The proposed framework represents commonly used wavelet based watermarking algorithms as a subset of a general watermarking framework and simulates the content adaptation modes based on JPEG2000 transcoding to provide a general framework for evaluating watermark robustness in such adaptations and the influence of different embedding modes.

Embedding distortion modeling for non-orthonormal wavelet based watermarking schemes

“…Although many different wavelet based watermarking schemes available, it possible to accommodate most of them in a common formal framework 14 by dissecting them into common functional blocks. In most of the algorithms the basic embedding principle remains same and the modified coefficient C ′ m,n at (m, n) position, can be presented as:…”

Scalable watermark extraction for real-time authentication of JPEG 2000 images

“…The quality and the resolution of the decoded image are enhanced when more and more bits are received from the scalable bit stream. If the watermark embedding algorithm does not consider the scalability of the host image bit stream, such content adaptations result in loss of watermark data embedded within the affected coefficients, thus, diminishing the robustness of the watermarking schemes [24].…”