Evaluation of Water Resources Quality in Sabodala Gold Mining Region and Its Surrounding Area (Senegal)

Abstract

Geochemical and Geostatistical tools were used to assess: 1) the chemical quality and, geochemical processes in crystalline rock aquifers in Sabodala (Eastern Senegal) and its surroundings and 2) the impact of mining activities on their quality. A total of 26 water samples collected at boreholes, dug wells and stream, were analyzed to determine major and trace elements concentration focused on elements that represent more threats on human health. Boxplots define chemical characteristics of water for each aquifer formation compared to surface waters. Geostatistical analysis show two sources of water mineralization with regard to major elements: a first natural source characterized by Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type from boreholes and unpolluted surface water and a second group characterized by polluted water by nitrates with Na-NO3-Cl type mainly observed in upper weathered aquifers. However, considering trace element, geostatistical analysis showed three water groups: water with very low trace element concentrations encountered in boreholes and unpolluted surface waters, and waters with relatively high trace element concentrations such as Al observed in areas affected by gold mining activities and finally, polluted waters by Ni, Co, Mn and Cr observed at Sabodala. Results show that in eastern Senegal well waters are vulnerable and often affected by pollution.

Hydrogeochemical Characterization of Dug Well Water and Its Suitability for Domestic Water Supply in the Village of Passakongo, Dedougou municipality, Burkina Faso

“…In the present study, the Piper diagram of the seasonal distribution of major ions revealed four distinct water facies in the Passakongo's dug wells ( Figure 6). Thirteen water samples were classified as Ca-HCO 3 type and one sample as mixed Ca-Mg-Cl and another sample as Na-Cl type during the dry season, reflecting the predominant influence of water -rock interaction on the hydrogeochemical signature of the well water (Smedley et al, 2007;Mall et al, 2015;Sako et al, 2016;Rakotondrabe et al, 2017). The hydrochemical facies shifted from predominately Ca -HCO 3 type to mixed Ca-Na-HCO 3 (2 well), Na-HCO 3 (5 wells), Ca-Mg-Cl (2 wells), Ca-Cl (1 well) and Na-Cl (1 well) types during the wet period.…”