Evaluation of visceral fat mass in dogs by computed tomography

Nagao, Itsuma; Ohno, Koichi; Nagahara, Takuro; Yokoyama, Nozomu; Nakagawa, Tadahiko; Fujiwara, Ryo; Yamamoto, Kenta; Goto‐Koshino, Yuko; Tomiyasu, Hirotaka; Tsujimoto, Hajime

doi:10.1292/jvms.19-0254

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our results showed that the total and visceral fat tend to accumulate at L3, whereas the subcutaneous fat tends to accumulate at L6 in all four breeds, findings that are consistent with the results of previous studies (Kim et al 2018;Nagao et al 2019). Therefore, it is thought that the fat distribution tendency remains the same regardless of the respective breed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…On the transverse CT images where spinous processes of L3 and L6 were the largest, the body area Figure 1 (BA), total fat area (TA), visceral fat area (VA), and subcutaneous fat area (SA) were measured based on previous studies (Ishioka et al 2005;Kim et al 2018;Nagao et al 2019) (Figure 1). Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn manually along the skin-air interface to assess the BA and TA.…”

Section: Imaging Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The length of the L6 was measured on the sagittal CT images with the bone window. Based on previous studies, the ratio of the TA to BA (TA/BA) and the ratio of the VA to SA (VA/SA) (Ishioka et al 2005;Kobayashi et al 2014;Kim et al 2018;Nagao et al 2019) were calculated to compare the abdominal fat content among the breeds, age groups and sexual statuses.…”

Section: Imaging Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, CT enables the separate assessment of the visceral and subcutaneous fat to define the fat distribution (Ishioka et al 2005). The use of CT for the body fat assessment in dogs has been reported in several studies (Ishioka et al 2005;Purushothaman et al 2013;Kobayashi et al 2014;Kim et al 2018;Nagao et al 2019;Turner et al 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Abdominal fat content assessment by computed tomography in toy breed dogs

Park¹,

Noh²,

Lee³

2021

Vet. Med. - Czech

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The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the abdominal fat distribution in toy breed dogs using computed tomography (CT) in relation to the breed, age, and sexual status. In 140 dogs (52 Maltese, 33 Poodles, 32 Shih-Tzus, and 23 Yorkshire Terriers), the total fat area (TA), visceral fat area (VA), subcutaneous fat area (SA) and body area (BA) were measured at the third and sixth lumbar vertebral level on non-contrast transverse CT images. The differences in the TA/BA and VA/SA according to the breed, age, and sexual status, and correlations with the age were analysed. The differences in the TA/BA and VA/SA among the breeds were revealed (P < 0.05). There was no difference for the TA/BA among the sexual statuses, but the VA/SA was higher in spayed females than in intact females (P = 0.001). Positive correlation of the age with the TA/BA in the Maltese, Poodles, and intact females, and the age with the VA/SA in the Maltese, Shih-Tzus, Yorkshire Terriers, neutered males, and spayed females were found. The results showed that the abdominal fat composition varied according to the breed, age, and sex, which may have implications on defining obesity-related disease risks in different populations. Careful monitoring of the VA/SA in the breed (Maltese, Shih-Tzu, and Yorkshire Terrier), age (senior dogs), and sexual status (neutered dogs) may be required.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Imaging Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Imaging Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abdominal fat content assessment by computed tomography in toy breed dogs

Park¹,

Noh²,

Lee³

2021

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…A 9-point scale BCS is usually used; the scoring is performed by visual observation and by palpating the dog [ 7 , 8 ]. Abdominal radiography and computed tomography (CT) can also be used to evaluate body fat distribution in humans and dogs [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Subcutaneous fat thickness (ST) can be measured using a lateral abdominal radiograph [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Synbiotic Preparation Containing Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 on Body Fat in Obese Dogs: A Pilot Study

Lee

Cho

et al. 2022

Animals

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Obesity is an important health concern in humans and dogs. It can cause a variety of secondary problems, including low bacterial diversity. Several approaches have been tried to solve this problem; one of them is probiotic supplementation. Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 is derived from breast milk and has been proven to be effective for obesity in humans. However, there have been no studies using a synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 for obesity management in dogs. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of a synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 in reducing body fat in obese dogs. A group of obese dogs were fed a synbiotic preparation for 10 weeks. Obesity variables included body weight, body condition score, subcutaneous fat thickness, subcutaneous fat mass and proportion of the fat mass. In addition, feces collected at 0-week and 10-week time points were analyzed for the intestinal microbiome. Results showed a significant decrease in body weight, body condition score, and subcutaneous fat mass and proportion at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. Diversity and functional analysis of the microbiota in obese dogs showed increased microbial diversity, and increased abundance of metabolism of carbohydrate, and lipid after supplementation with a synbiotic preparation. This study was conducted as a pilot study, and the results demonstrated that a synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 may play a role in reducing body fat and resolving the obesity in dogs.

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Combined use of body condition score, radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography in body condition evaluation of crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)

Ferro,

da Silva,

Testa

et al. 2023

Vet Res Commun

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This study aimed to evaluate the application of radiography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography (CT) as auxiliaries in the determination of body fat and musculature in crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous). Eight animals were evaluated and classified based on the body condition score (BCS) scale. The total cut volume, total visceral volume, total subcutaneous volume, visceral fat volume, subcutaneous fat volume, and total fat volume were measured. The correlation of the BCS with the other data was determined. In the ultrasound, there was a correlation of the vertebral epaxial musculature score (VEMS) with body weight, BCS, muscle mass score (MMS), animal's height, and height at the withers. In the radiographic analysis, the amount of subcutaneous fat obtained in L3 vertebrae did not present a significant correlation with BCS, as opposed 2 to L6. In the tomographic analysis, TFV/L6, VFV/L6, and SFV/L6 correlated with BCS in L3, and only SFV /L6 in L6. When the ratios between fat volumes were correlated, the correlation with BCS occurred only in L6 in the TFV/TBV, SFV/SVC, and VFW variants.Radiography and CT were effective and had a good association with BCS. With the CT it was possible to demonstrate the distribution of total fat at the level of the L3 slice. The ratio of calculations considering the length of the L6 vertebra was more adequate, while at the level of L6 the ratio between the volumes of the compartments was more effective.

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Evaluation of visceral fat mass in dogs by computed tomography

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Abdominal fat content assessment by computed tomography in toy breed dogs

Abdominal fat content assessment by computed tomography in toy breed dogs

Effects of Synbiotic Preparation Containing Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 on Body Fat in Obese Dogs: A Pilot Study

Combined use of body condition score, radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography in body condition evaluation of crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)

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