Evaluation of vinylidene fluoride polymers for use in space environments: Comparison of radiation sensitivities

Dargaville, Tim R.; Celina, Mathias C.; Clough, R.L.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.10.010

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…When the PVDF and P(VDF‐TrFE) films were exposed to γ‐irradiation, the almost identical crosslinking features (gel contents) can be explained by the complete penetration of the radiation through samples, the indiscriminant nature of γ‐radiation (which is also reflected in the similar radiation yields of PVDF and PTrFE) and similar levels of crystallinity in the two polymers. In a previous study19 we compared the radiation sensitivities of a range of vinylidene‐fluoride based materials and found that PVDF and a TrFE copolymer had similar radiation reactivities due to similar C/H/F ratios and levels of crystallinity, which is also likely to be the case in this study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Evaluation of piezoelectric PVDF polymers for use in space environments. III. Comparison of the effects of vacuum UV and gamma radiation

Dargaville

Elliott

Celina

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Films of piezoelectric PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) were exposed to vacuum UV (115-300 nm VUV) and c-radiation to investigate how these two forms of radiation affect the chemical, morphological, and piezoelectric properties of the polymers. The extent of crosslinking was almost identical in both polymers after c-irradiation, but surprisingly, was significantly higher for the TrFE copolymer after VUV-irradiation. Changes in the melting behavior were also more significant in the TrFE copolymer after VUV-irradiation due to both surface and bulk crosslinking, compared with only surface crosslinking for the PVDF films. The piezoelectric properties (measured using d 33 piezoelectric coefficients and D-E hysteresis loops) were unchanged in the PVDF homopolymer, while the TrFE copolymer exhibited more narrow D-E loops after exposure to either cor VUV-radiation. The more severe damage to the TrFE copolymer in comparison with the PVDF homopolymer after VUV-irradiation is explained by different energy deposition characteristics. The short wavelength, highly energetic photons are undoubtedly absorbed in the surface layers of both polymers, and we propose that while the longer wavelength components of the VUV-radiation are absorbed by the bulk of the TrFE copolymer causing crosslinking, they are transmitted harmlessly in the PVDF homopolymer.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Evaluation of piezoelectric PVDF polymers for use in space environments. III. Comparison of the effects of vacuum UV and gamma radiation

Dargaville

Elliott

Celina

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…It normally has 5 crystal polymorphs named α, β, γ, δ, and ε with a crystallinity ranging between 35 and 70%, depending on the preparation and thermal history. The PVDF homopolymer and PVDF-CTFE copolymer used in this work were [33], which suggests that this PVDF copolymer may have a monoclinic crystalline structure [2]. The XRD results of PVDF and PVDF-CTFE polymers are presented in Fig.…”

Section: Properties Of Pvdf and Pvdf-ctfe Polymersmentioning

confidence: 85%

Fabrication of hydrophobic flat sheet and hollow fiber membranes from PVDF and PVDF-CTFE for membrane distillation

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

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a b s t r a c tHydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have been used in membrane distillation, however its performance in terms of permeation flux and salt rejection still needs to be improved. In this study, polyvinylidenedifluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene (PVDF-CTFE), a PVDF based copolymer, was employed to fabricate both flat sheet and hollow fiber membranes. Two pore forming additives (PEG and LiCl) were used in order to examine their effects on the membrane micro-structure and consequently the distillation performance. The crystalline property of the polymers was studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to reveal its role in the membrane formation. The membrane morphology (SEM), surface property (AFM) and membrane properties (contact angle, pore size, porosity and pore size distribution) were systematically examined and compared among PVDF, PVDF-CTFE membranes as well as their counterparts with pore forming additives. The results revealed that PVDF-CTFE membrane exhibited optimal membrane morphology, pore structure and hydrophobicity, thus delivering better distillation performance (permeation flux up to 62.09 kg/m 2 h, and distillate conductivity as low as 5 μS/cm) in comparison with their PVDF membrane counterparts.

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“…PVDF experiences changes in its mechanical property and crystallinity under irradiation, due to chain scission and crosslinking reactions [81,82]. Piezoelectric ceramics could be depoled by thermal spike (localized heating above the transition temperature), or amorphized by displacement spike (atoms permanently displaced from lattice sites).…”

Section: Radiation Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects on nanogenerators

2015

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The desire for self-powered nanosystems and wearable devices has driven wide investigation of the sustainable energy source. Harvesting energy from the ambient environment with nanogenerators becomes a viable solution with the development of low-power electronics. Different devices can face dramatically different working conditions, which may seriously restrict the application of those nanogenerators. In this review article we describe the most recent progress in the study of the environmental effect on the nanogenerator. While a variety of nanogenerators have been developed using piezoelectric, triboelectric, pyroelectric and thermoelectric effects, the most studied piezoelectric nanogenerator and triboelectric nanogenerator will be discussed in more detail. This review emphasizes the important effect of the temperature, humidity, and water. The other effects, such as UV radiation or adsorption of gas or solid material, are also presented for certain nanogenerators. In the end we share our views of the future research directions and the remaining challenges in this field.

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Evaluation of vinylidene fluoride polymers for use in space environments: Comparison of radiation sensitivities

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of piezoelectric PVDF polymers for use in space environments. III. Comparison of the effects of vacuum UV and gamma radiation

Evaluation of piezoelectric PVDF polymers for use in space environments. III. Comparison of the effects of vacuum UV and gamma radiation

Fabrication of hydrophobic flat sheet and hollow fiber membranes from PVDF and PVDF-CTFE for membrane distillation

Environmental effects on nanogenerators

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