Evaluation of tungsten coil electrothermal vaporization-Ar/H2 flame atomic fluorescence spectrometry for determination of eight traditional hydride-forming elements and cadmium without chemical vapor generation

Determination of cadmium in rice and water by tungsten coil electrothermal vaporization-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and tungsten coil electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after cloud point extraction

“…In the pyrolysis step, longer lasting time with CPE was set than that without CPE in order to remove organic residues as completely as possible. Carrier gas flow rates for W-coil ETV-Ar/H 2 flame AFS were similar to the results reported in the previous work [28], i.e., argon, 400 mL min −1 ; hydrogen, 100 mL min −1 ; shield gas flow rate, 500 mL min −1 ; and observation height, 10 mm. While gas used in W-coil ET-AAS was argon containing 20% H 2 and the flow rate for the mixture gas was 1 L min −1 .…”

“…1 shows the instrumental arrangement of the two systems. W-coil ETV Ar/H 2 flame AFS instrumentation is identical to the one used in a previous work [28]. A model AFS-2202 non-dispersive atomic fluorescence spectrometer equipped with a programmable intermittent reactor and two gas-liquid separators by the manufacturer to facilitate hydride generation and separation was used, but all these accessories were replaced with a W-coil ETV in this work.…”

“…The DC power supply was designed to maintain a constant current at a specific step, with the applied current and lasting time programmed via the chip mounted in the computer. The temperature of the W-coil can be obtained based on voltamperometric measurement [30], and the approximate equation for calculating the coil surface temperature was described in the previous work [28].…”

“…These factors render the hyphenation of CPE with W-coil extremely promising. W-coil ETV-Ar/H 2 flame AFS recently developed in this laboratory [28,29], as well as W-coil ET-AAS, is also a microsample volume detection approach. In our previous work, we reported the W-coil electrothermal vaporization sample introduction into a commercial atomic fluorescence spectrometer [28].…”

“…W-coil ETV-Ar/H 2 flame AFS recently developed in this laboratory [28,29], as well as W-coil ET-AAS, is also a microsample volume detection approach. In our previous work, we reported the W-coil electrothermal vaporization sample introduction into a commercial atomic fluorescence spectrometer [28]. Due to non-dispersive nature of AFS measurements, severe scattering interference was observed when high salinity is presented in the sample matrix.…”