Evaluation of Tributyltin Subchronic Effects in Tropical Freshwater Fish (Astyanax bimaculatus, Linnaeus, 1758)

Chronic genetic damages in Geophagus brasiliensis exposed to anthropic impact in Estuarine Lakes at Santa Catarina Coast–Southern of Brazil

“…The cell death associated with necrotic injury, in addition to inducing the inflammatory response decreases the number of functional cells in a tissue which subsequently impairs the physiological function of that organ (Akaishi et al 2004). Necrosis may occur as a result of several cellular mechanisms which perturb oxide-redox homeostasis, such as lysosomal rupture, tissue hypoxia and/or increase of lipid peroxidation (Oliveira Ribeiro et al 2002). In this study, the mixture of various contaminants in the lakes may have been the main cause of the adverse effects observed.…”

Mixtures of benzo(a)pyrene, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and tributyltin are more toxic to neotropical fish Rhamdia quelen than isolated exposures

“…In Brazilian aquatic ecosystems this exposure is not uncommon since BaP seems to be omnipresent, DDT and its metabolites are still found in Brazilian fish species tissues (Miranda et al, 2008;Rabitto et al, 2011;Torres et al, 2002) and the intensive traffic and docking in coastal zones and rivers of Brazil and the industrial discharge has resulted in environmental significant release of TBT into water and sediments (Castro et al, 2012;Oliveira Ribeiro et al, 2002;Santos et al, 2009). Auger et al (1995) have already pointed that the interaction between contaminants will be relevant for the final toxic effect.…”

“…According to ATSDR (2002) DDT did not significantly alter acetylcholinesterase activity in mice. Oliveira Ribeiro et al (2002) also observed no effect on acetylcholinesterase activity in freshwater fish after a long-exposure to TBT. Nevertheless, corroborating the result found for the highest dose of BaP in the muscle, more recent studies performed with invertebrates and fish reported inhibition of this enzyme after exposure to fuel oil and/or PAHs (Akaishi et al, 2004;Barsiene et al, 2006;Moreira et al, 2004;Zapata-Pérez et al, 2004).…”

Histopathological changes in the gills and liver of Prochilodus lineatus from the Salado River basin (Santa Fe, Argentina)

“…Particularly, a high incidence of necrosis (estimated by both prevalence and occupied area) was observed in fish from station 1. The incidence of necrosis in the liver is generally typical in multiple-contaminant exposure, as described by other researchers in this field (Evans et al 2000;Oliveira Ribeiro et al 2002;Au 2004;Moissenko et al 2005;Miranda et Korkmaz et al 2009;Costa et al 2011). According to some authors, the occurrence of necrosis is strongly associated with oxidative stress (Li et al 2000;Avci et al 2005) and is also a consequence of enzymatic inhibition, damages in the cellular membrane integrity and disturbances in the synthesis of proteins and carbohydrate metabolism (Mela et al 2007).…”