Evaluation of trace element contamination usingArmadillo officinalisDuméril, 1816 (Crustacea, Isopoda) as a tool: An ultrastructural study

Abstract

To estimate trace element bioaccumulation in Armadillo officinalis, specimens were collected from Ghar El Melh lagoon then exposed for 3 weeks in contaminated sediments with copper, zinc, and cadmium. From the first week until the end of the experiment, a decrease in A. officinalis growth related to the increase of Cd concentration in the sediment was recorded. However, a mass gain was highlighted under Cu and Zn exposures. At the end of experiment, body metal concentrations were measured using flame atomic emission spectrometry. Results of the bioaccumulation factor showed that the species could be considered as a macroconcentrator of copper (BAF > 2) and a deconcentrator of zinc (BAF < 2). Microscopy observations of hepatopancreas cells showed morphological and histological changes even at the lowest concentration. They consisted in the microvillus border destruction, lipid droplets modifications, trace element accumulation, and the condensation of the majority of cellular organelles. The degree of these alterations was found to be dosedependent. Through these results, the isopod A. officinalis could be used as relevant monitor organisms for soil metal contamination. K E Y W O R D S bioaccumulation, storage organ, terrestrial isopod, trace element, transmission electron microscopy

Physiological and histopathological responses of Porcellio laevis (Isopoda, Crustacea) as indicators of metal trace element contamination

“…These alterations were similar to those described in Porcellio scaber , Armadillidium granulatum , Armadillo officinalis , and P . laevis individuals after their exposure to Cd, Pb and Zn under laboratory conditions (Khemaissia, Jelassi, Ghemari, Maryline, et al, ; Khemaissia, Jelassi, Ghemari, Raimon, et al, ; Köhler et al, ; Mazzei et al, ) as well as in Ligia italica subjected to mercury (Longo et al, ). It is worth noting that Clifford and Witkus () correlated the alterations cited above (e.g., disorganization of the microvillus border and its destruction leading to the appearance of an irregular profile…) with the reduction in nutrients' absorption by the hepatopancreas.…”

“…These last projected apically into the lumen and were drome shaped (Hames & Hopkin, 1989;Marcaillou, Truchet, & Martoja, 1986). Compared to S-cells, B-cells were characterized by a dense cytoplasm, numerous lipid droplets, ER and free ribosomes in addition to their ability to store MTE in the form of B-types granules (Khemaissia, Jelassi, Ghemari, Maryline, et al, 2019;Khemaissia, Jelassi, Ghemari, Raimon, et al, 2019;Leser et al, 2008;Wägele, 1992). It was highlighted that the ultrastructural changes occurred mostly in B-cells MTE exposure (Köhler et al, 1996;Strus, Burkhardt, & Storch, 1985).…”

“…As part of terrestrial ecosystems, terrestrial isopods have been recently used as bioindicators to assess environmental quality and show promise as invertebrates (Ghemari et al, 2018;Ghemari, Waterlot, Ayari, Douay, & Nasri-Ammar, 2019a;Khemaissia, Jelassi, Ghemari, Maryline, et al,2019;Khemaissia, Jelassi, Ghemari, Raimon, et al, 2019;Nannoni, Mazzeo, Protano, & Santolini, 2015). Furthermore they are characterized by their wide geographic distribution, they are easily collected and reared in laboratory conditions (Costa, Bouchon, van Straalen, Sousa, & Ribeiro, 2013;Godet et al, 2011;Mazzei et al, 2014;Odendaal & Reinecke, 2003).…”

Physiological and behavioral responses of Orchestia gammarellus (Amphipoda, Talitridae) towards trace elements contamination soil

“…These organisms, in direct contact with the different soil's horizons, are most exposed to contamination (Ghannem, Touaylia, & Boumaiza, 2018; Ghannem, Touaylia, & Mustapha, 2018; Kammenga et al, 2000). Today, some of invertebrate's species are used in ecotoxicity tests; it was the case of earthworms (Heikens, Peijnenburg, & Hendriks, 2001; Hobbelen, Koolhaas, & Van Gestel, 2006), insects (Ghannem, Khazri, Sellami, & Boumaiza, 2016; Ghannem, Touaylia, & Boumaiza, 2018; Ghannem, Touaylia, & Mustapha, 2018), snails (Samuel, & Rainbow, 2005), and the terrestrial isopods (Ghemari et al, 2020; Khemaissia et al, 2019a, 2019b) used to estimate the effects of pollutants following their survival, their growth, their reproductions, and avoidance behaviors.…”

“…Furthermore, the ethotoxicological aspect and the impact of trace elements on the physiology and especially on the locomotor behavior of Crustaceans in Tunisia has not received any attention except the researches of Khemaissia et al (2019a, 2019b), Jelassi, Khemaissia, et al (2019), Jelassi, Ghemari, et al (2019), Jelassi, Bohli‐Abderrazek, Ayari, and Nasri‐Ammar (2020), Jelassi, Hammami, Harzalli, and Nasri‐Ammar (2020), Jelassi, Hammami, Harzalli, and Nasri‐Ammar (2021), Jelassi, Khemaissia, et al (2020), and Ghemari et al (2020). Thus, this paper aimed to study the effects of trace elements, Cd and Zn, on the hepatopancreas ultrastructure of Orchestia gammarellus and on its locomotor activity rhythm under constant darkness.…”