Evaluation of Tissue Expression of Vaspin and Serum Vaspin Concentration as a Prognostic and Risk Factor in Endometrial Cancer

Abstract

Adipose tissue is a multifunctional endocrine organ. One of the biologically active substances is vaspin, which is part of the serpin family. The purpose of the following study is to determine the possibility of using vaspin as a prognostic and risk factor in endometrial cancer. The study included 127 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. To determine the value of adipokine, the study used Kaplan-Meier curves to estimate patients survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed simultaneously using the Cox regression model. Tissue expression of vaspin was assessed in patients from the study group (endometrial cancer) and the control group (non-cancerous). We found that higher levels of vaspin are found in obese people, with lower staging (FIGO I and II), lower grading (G1), no LVSI metastases and no lymph node metastases. Higher serum vaspin levels are an independent protective factor for endometrial cancer. We concluded that endometrial cancer patients with serum vaspin concentrations above the median have longer DFS compared to patients with concentrations below the median. Considering multivariate analysis, vaspin concentrations above the median are independent favourable prognostic factors for endometrial cancer. Tissue expression of vaspin cannot be a histological marker to distinguish between cancer and non-cancerous lesions and between different grading levels.

The Role of Selected Adipocytokines in Ovarian Cancer and Endometrial Cancer

“…Later, Cymbaluk-Płoska et al [ 171 ], analyzing vaspin levels among a larger group of patients with endometrial cancer (n = 92), obtained identical results to the previous ones. Following this pattern, Kozłowski et al [ 294 ] report that lower vaspin levels are found in patients whose cancerous lesions show a more advanced nature compared to a group of women whose cancer is less advanced. The authors report that their analysis does not indicate an association between vaspin levels and stage according to the FIGO classification.…”

“…Currently, few studies are available on the role of vaspin in endometrial cancer. Nevertheless, available analyses indicate that vaspin levels are significantly reduced in the course of endometrial cancer [ 171 , 174 , 293 , 294 ]. Erdogan et al [ 293 ] were the first to analyze vaspin levels in the course of endometrial cancer.…”