Evaluation of tissue Doppler ultrasonographic and strain imaging for assessment of myocardial dysfunction in dogs with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To investigate cardiac structural and functional changes by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and strain imaging in dogs with spontaneous type 1 diabetes mellitus. ANIMALS 30 client-owned dogs, of which 10 had normotensive type 1 diabetes mellitus and 20 were healthy. PROCEDURES All dogs underwent physical examination, laboratory analyses, standard echocardiography, and TDI. RESULTS On TDI and strain imaging, transmitral peak early diastolic velocity (E)-to-tissue Doppler–derived peak early diastolic velocity at basal segment (E') of septum ratio, E:lateral E’ ratio, and septal tissue Doppler–derived peak late diastolic velocity at basal segment (A') were significantly higher and the septal E':A’ ratio and lateral longitudinal strain were significantly lower for diabetic dogs than for control dogs. Furthermore, in diabetic dogs, serum glucose and fructosamine concentrations after a 12-hour period of food withholding were positively correlated with regional systolic functional variables (septal and lateral longitudinal strain) and left ventricular filling pressure indices (E:septal E’ and E:lateral E’ ratios) but were negatively correlated with diastolic functional variables (E:transmitral peak late diastolic velocity and septal and lateral E':A’ ratios). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that myocardial function in diabetic dogs may be altered before the development of clinical heart-associated signs and that the change may be more readily detected by TDI and strain imaging than by conventional echocardiography. In addition, findings indicated that hyperglycemia could have detrimental effects on myocardial function, independent of hypertension, other cardiac diseases, and left ventricular hypertrophy, in dogs with type 1 diabetes.

Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluation in dogs with hypothyroidism before and after levothyroxine supplementation: A prospective controlled study

“…Second, the echocardiographic assessment of the cardiac function was based only on conventional echocardiographic techniques, and no advanced techniques (eg, tissue Doppler imaging, speckle tracking) were used. These latter techniques are more sensitive to detect subtle changes of systolic or diastolic cardiac function, as recently demonstrated in dogs with other endocrine diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism . Thus, it cannot be completely excluded that any minor changes in cardiac function in the hypothyroid dogs could have been detected using advanced echocardiographic techniques.…”

“…These latter techniques are more sensitive to detect subtle changes of systolic or diastolic cardiac function, as recently demonstrated in dogs with other endocrine diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism. 46,47 Thus, it cannot be completely excluded that any minor changes in cardiac function in the hypothyroid dogs could have been detected using advanced echocardiographic techniques. Finally, the time interval between the visits at T0 and T60 of hypothyroid dogs was not constant, mainly because of owner needs.…”

Evaluation of the Effect of Aortic Stenosis and Severity on Left Ventricular Function by Isovolumic Myocardial Acceleration

“…Similarly, Nieh et al (29) found that echocardiographic parameters of patients operated for severe AS did not change LV diameter, mass and EF, but improvements in systolic and diastolic parameters measured by TDI were noted at a mean follow-up of 120 days. Subclinical systolic dysfunction detected by TDI has been shown in other valve pathologies and systemic diseases (30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Detection of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Influence on Perinatal Outcomes from B-Mode Ultrasound Images Using Deep Neural Network

“…Dantas et al [10] found that after pregnancy, the pregnancy age, preference for sweets, and family history of DM were risk factors for GDM. Kim et al [11] found that as women's age at first pregnancy increased, the probability of GDM increased, and age at first pregnancy was one of the independent risk factors for GDM. Relevant clinical data reveal that GDM will seriously affect perinatal outcomes.…”