Evaluation of three methods for estimating the weathering rates of base cations in forested catchments

Augustin, Fougère; Houle, Daniel; Gagnon, Christian; Courchesne, François

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2016.04.022

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The estimates of BC WR simulated with the PROFILE model for the reference period are within the range reported for southern Quebec or similar soil types using other methods (Courchesne et al, 2002;Schaller et al, 2009;Augustin et al, 2016Augustin et al, , 2018. The data show substantial BC WR increases (+ 11-25%) for the two future periods relative to the reference period.…”

Section: Future Changes In Bc Weathering Ratessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…described in previous studies (Houle et al, 2012b;Augustin et al, 2015aAugustin et al, , 2016. In this region, the Canadian Shield is composed of bedrocks formed during the Precambrian, which consists mainly of igneous (granite, syenite, anorthosite) and metamorphic (gneiss, granitic gneiss, paragneiss) rocks.…”

Section: Study Sites and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A wide range of methodological approaches have been developed to quantify BC WRs (Augustin et al, 2016). These include soil profile mass balance calculations (Brimhall et al, 1991;Egli and Fitze, 2000), watershed input-output budgets (Clayton, 1979;Velbel, 1985), laboratory dissolution experiments (Chou and Wollast, 1984;Oelkers et al, 1994), test-mineral techniques (Ranger et al, 1990), strontium isotope ratio methods FIGURE 1 | Location of the study sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The geochemical model PROFILE is widely used to evaluate chemical and geochemical processes involved in forest soils and watersheds (Koptsik et al, 1999;Duan et al, 2002;Duchesne and Houle, 2006;Sverdrup, 2009;Erlandson Lampa et al, 2020). Previous works have shown that PROFILE is enough powerful to reproduce spatial geographical gradients in WRs for relatively large areas with contrasted mineralogy (Houle et al, 2012b;Augustin et al, 2016), while yielding reliable BC WRs (Jönsson et al, 1995). Since soil temperature and moisture both greatly affect the chemical, physical, and biological processes that are occurring in soils, it is essential to better understand how climate change will affect resulting future soil conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Climate Change on Soil Hydro-Climatic Conditions and Base Cations Weathering Rates in Forested Watersheds in Eastern Canada

Houle

Marty

Augustin

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Increases in mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) are projected for north eastern North America, which will alter soil hydroclimatic conditions and hence the rate of many soil processes. Among them, chemical weathering of soil minerals is an essential source of base cations (BC) which controls the acid-base status of surface waters and is crucial for forest nutrition. In this modeling study, MAAT and MAP projections from a regional and a global climate models were first used to project changes in soil temperature (MAST) and soil water content (SWC) with the ForStem and ForHym models for 21 eastern Canadian forested catchments. The models predicted an increase in MAST by 2.03-2.05 • C and 2.87-3.42 • C for the 2041-2070 and 2071-2100 periods, respectively, and a small decrease (<5%) in SWC. In a second step, these projected changes in MAST and SWC were used to estimate changes in BC weathering rates (WR) and soil pH with the geochemical model PROFILE. The simulations indicated that BC WR would increase by 13-15% and 20-22% for the 2041-2070 and 2071-2100 periods, respectively. The increase in BC WR was accompanied by an increase not only in base cation concentrations, but also in soil pH at most sites, suggesting that future temperature increase has the potential to ameliorate the acid-base status and the fertility of soils in eastern Canada through its impact on WR.

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Section: Future Changes In Bc Weathering Ratessupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Study Sites and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Climate Change on Soil Hydro-Climatic Conditions and Base Cations Weathering Rates in Forested Watersheds in Eastern Canada

Houle

Marty

Augustin

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…Similar results have been found in other studies, as indicated by high modelled-to-historic weathering rate ratio (Wprofile/Wdepletion). At catchment scale, Augustin et al (2016) found that weathering estimated by PROFILE was on average 4-fold greater than weathering based on the depletion method. At the pedon scale, Stendahl et al (2013) found Wprofile/Wdepletion ratios of 2.3 and 2.2 for two sites near Flakaliden, Vindeln and Svartberget, which are similar values to that found for Flakaliden in our study (2.0).…”

Section: Depletion Methods Estimates Versus Profile Model Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Current, steady-state and historical weathering rates of base cations at two forest sites in northern and southern Sweden: A comparison of three methods

Casetou-Gustafson¹,

Grip²,

Hillier³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Reliable and accurate methods for estimating soil mineral weathering rate are required tools in evaluating the sustainability of increased harvesting of forest biomass. A variety of methods that differ in concept, temporal and spatial scale and data requirements are available for measuring weathering rate. In this study, release rates of base cations through weathering were estimated in podsolised glacial tills at two experimental forest sites, Asa and Flakaliden, in southern and northern Sweden, respectively. Three different methods were used: (i) historical weathering since deglaciation estimated with the depletion method, using Zr as assumed inert reference; (ii) steady-state weathering rate estimated with the PROFILE model, based on quantitative analysis of soil mineralogy; and (iii) base cation mass balance at stand scale, using measured deposition, leaching and changes in base cation stocks in biomass and soil over a period of 12 years. In the 0&#8211;50&#8201;cm soil layer at Asa, historical weathering of Ca, Mg, K and Na estimated by the depletion method was 4.7, 3.1, 0.8 and 2.0&#8201;mmolc&#8201;m&#8722;2&#8201;yr&#8722;1, respectively. Corresponding values at Flakaliden were 7.3, 9.0, 1.7 and 4.4&#8201;mmolc&#8201;m&#8722;2&#8201;yr&#8722;1, respectively. Steady state weathering rate for Ca, Mg, K and Na estimated with PROFILE was 8.9, 3.8, 5.9 and 18.5&#8201;mmolc&#8201;m&#8722;2&#8201;yr&#8722;1, respectively, at Asa and 11.9, 6.7, 6.6 and 17.5&#8201;mmolc&#8201;m&#8722;2&#8201;yr&#8722;1, respectively, at Flakaliden. Thus at both sites, the PROFILE results indicated that steady-state weathering rate increased with soil depth as a function of exposed mineral surface area, reaching a maximum rate at 80&#8201;cm (Asa) and 60&#8201;cm (Flakaliden). In contrast, the depletion method indicated that the largest postglacial losses were in upper soil layers, particularly at Flakaliden. With the exception of Mg and Ca in shallow soil layers, PROFILE appeared to produce consistently higher weathering rates, particularly of K and Na in deeper soil layers. In contrast, the depletion method appeared to to produce consistently lower rather than higher weathering rates, due to natural and anthropogenic variability in (reference) Zr gradients. The mass balance approach produced significantly higher weathering rates of Ca, Mg, and K (65, 23, 40&#8201;mmolc&#8201;m&#8722;2&#8201;yr&#8722;1 at Asa and 35, 14 and 22&#8201;mmolc&#8201;m&#8722;2&#8201;yr&#8722;1 at Flakaliden), but lower Na weathering rates similar to the depletion method (6.6 and 2.2&#8201;mmolc&#8201;m&#8722;2&#8201;yr&#8722;1 at Asa and Flakaliden). The large discrepancy in weathering rates for Ca, Mg and K between mass balance and the other methods suggest that there were additional sources for tree uptake in the soil besides weathering and measured depletion in exchangeable base cations.

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2019

Ecology and Management of Forest Soils

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Evaluation of three methods for estimating the weathering rates of base cations in forested catchments

Cited by 10 publications

References 84 publications

Impact of Climate Change on Soil Hydro-Climatic Conditions and Base Cations Weathering Rates in Forested Watersheds in Eastern Canada

Impact of Climate Change on Soil Hydro-Climatic Conditions and Base Cations Weathering Rates in Forested Watersheds in Eastern Canada

Current, steady-state and historical weathering rates of base cations at two forest sites in northern and southern Sweden: A comparison of three methods

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