Evaluation of three-dimensional printed models in surgical education: a paradigm of a new educational method for the simulation of surgery environment

Abstract

management, surgery has played a lesser role in the management of bleeding esophageal varices in recent decades. The present report describes a patient with portal hypertension with massive splenomegaly and liver cirrhosis initially presented with hematemesis and hematochezia who was diagnosed with esophagogastric varices. The modified Sugiura procedure is an effective rescue therapy for patients who are not candidates for selective shunts, transhepatic porto-systemic shunt, or transplantation and in order not to change the anatomic structure of the great vessels and to avoid hepatic encephalopathy related to these shunting procedures. Case presentation: A 33 year old female was referred to our hospital initially for band ligation of bleeding esophageal varices with clinical presentations of severe pancytopenia, massive splenomegaly and massive esophageal varices. The upper abdominal ultrasound showed an liver parenchymal disease with cirrhotic changes and signs of portal hypertension (marked splenomegaly, dilated portal vein and splenic varices). A complete gastroesophageal devascularization with splenectomy (Laparoscopic assisted modified Sugiura procedure) was performed. The patient has been asymptomatic for 9 months postoperatively, and hematological indices reached their normal values. Conclusion: For patients who are not candidates for liver transplantation and who cannot be shunted because of portal vein thrombosis, the modified devascularization Sugiura procedure remains a reasonable surgical option that can be performed in nonspecialized centers. Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a rapidly advancing technology considered thus as a significant technological attainment that could be set up for a variety of applications in the medical field. In surgery, three-dimensional printing can contribute to education, surgical planning, and training while 3D printed models represent as high-quality educational tools. Methods: (DICOM) files from a number of CT and MRI patient examination, reconstructed using computer-aided design (CAD) drawings software. Digital 3-D objects send to a 3-D printer, and 3-D models are created using a polymeric ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS) filament. With a same way, a numbered of surgical tools was produced. Results: The 3-D printed pre-operative model demonstrated the exact anatomy of the real. A lot of printed models (liver, vascular, bone etc) and surgical tools were produced and were used for educational purposes. Conclusion: We demonstrate a successful use of 3d printing models for preoperative planning and education purposes. 3-D printing rapid prototyping is a standard technique that is used by surgeons nowadays to plan complex operations. Compared with pure imaging studies and intraoperative findings, we believe that with 3d printing technology we can have better preoperative planning and optimize our treatment strategy during surgery especially in the field of HPB surgery.

A Review on the Functionality of Nanomaterials in 2d and 3d Additive Manufacturing

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Three-Dimensional Printed Antimicrobial Objects of Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Silver Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Filaments Produced by an In-Situ Reduction Reactive Melt Mixing Process

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Three-Dimensional Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) Surgical Retractors with Sonochemically Immobilized Silver Nanoparticles: The Next Generation of Low-Cost Antimicrobial Surgery Equipment

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