Evaluation of three commercial latex agglutination kits and a commercial enzyme immunoassay for the detection of cryptococcal antigen

Babady, N. Esther; Bestrom, Jean E.; Jespersen, Deborah J.; Jones, Mary F.; Beito, E. M.; Binnicker, Matthew J.; Wengenack, Nancy L.

doi:10.1080/13693780802607400

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Testing methods for detecting Cryptococcus Ag in serum and CSF are latex agglutination or EIA, and a high concordance between the available tests has been found (490%). 28 Cryptococcus Ag detection has been included in the EORTC/MSG definitions of IFD. 1,10 A systematic review of the manuscripts published after 1 January 1998 was performed in order to confirm the established utility of Cryptococcus Ag testing in disseminated cryptococcosis, Cryptococcus meningitis and pulmonary cryptococcosis.…”

Section: Cryptococcus Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECIL recommendations for the use of biological markers for the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases in leukemic patients and hematopoietic SCT recipients

Marchetti

Lamoth

Mikulska

et al. 2011

Bone Marrow Transplant

242

178

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Section: Cryptococcus Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECIL recommendations for the use of biological markers for the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases in leukemic patients and hematopoietic SCT recipients

Marchetti

Lamoth

Mikulska

et al. 2011

Bone Marrow Transplant

242

178

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“…The latex agglutination test has been considered the gold standard method in past studies (1,3), but this approach is manual and subjective and has a low testing throughput. To overcome the limitations of LA test for cryptococcal antigen screening, many reference laboratories in the United States have implemented EIAs, which allow for automation and an objective interpretation of results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct microscopy of clinical samples offers a rapid diagnostic approach but lacks sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, detection of cryptococcal antigen, which is rapid, sensitive, and specific, has become a mainstay in the diagnosis of this infection (1,4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common laboratory methods for the detection of cryptococcal antigen include latex agglutination (LA) test and enzyme immunoassay (EIA), both of which are available in commercial, FDAapproved formats that have demonstrated comparable performance (1,8). The latex agglutination test has been considered the gold standard method in past studies (1,3), but this approach is manual and subjective and has a low testing throughput.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Four Assays for the Detection of Cryptococcal Antigen

Binnicker

Jespersen

Bestrom

et al. 2012

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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We compared the performance of four assays for the detection of cryptococcal antigen in serum samples (n ‫؍‬ 634) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (n ‫؍‬ 51). Compared to latex agglutination, the sensitivity and specificity of the Premier enzyme immunoassay (EIA), Alpha CrAg EIA, and CrAg lateral flow assay (LFA) were 55.6 and 100%, 100 and 99.7%, and 100 and 99.8%, respectively, from serum samples. There was 100% agreement among the four tests for CSF samples, with 18 samples testing positive by each of the assays.

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“…For example, it is possible to obtain sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 80%, respectively, for candidiasis (15). LAT is thus a fundamental tool for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pretreating Serum Samples on the Performance of a Latex Agglutination Test for Serodiagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis

Silveira-Gomes

Silva

2011

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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b Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a fungal disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and Brazil is one of the principal countries where it is endemic. Diagnosis is based on the observation of budding P. brasiliensis yeast in clinical specimens from patients; however, the sensitivity of the visualization of fungi is low, indicating that serological tests are used for early diagnosis. The double-immunodiffusion test (ID) is the "gold standard" test for serology in PCM, although the execution of this test requires the availability of laboratorial infrastructure. We report the improved performance of a latex agglutination test (LAT) by pretreating 30 serum samples from PCM patients and 71 controls (histoplasmosis and aspergillosis patients, patients with bacterial infections, and normal human sera) with a dilution buffer incubated at 37°C for 30 min. The sensitivity and specificity of the LAT test in the nonpretreated samples were 73% and 79%, respectively. However, when samples were pretreated, the sensitivity and specificity of the test increased to 90%. In this study, we did not observe cross-reactivity with histoplasmosis patient sera, but some reactions to sera from patients with aspergillosis and bacterial infections were noted. Normal human sera were not reactive in our tests. These results indicate the need for the elimination of heterologous reactions so that we can adequately use this method for screening cases of PCM.

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Evaluation of three commercial latex agglutination kits and a commercial enzyme immunoassay for the detection of cryptococcal antigen

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

ECIL recommendations for the use of biological markers for the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases in leukemic patients and hematopoietic SCT recipients

ECIL recommendations for the use of biological markers for the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases in leukemic patients and hematopoietic SCT recipients

Comparison of Four Assays for the Detection of Cryptococcal Antigen

Effects of Pretreating Serum Samples on the Performance of a Latex Agglutination Test for Serodiagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis

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