Evaluation of thermal and radiation stability of EPDM in the presence of some algal powders

Zaharescu, Traian; Mateescu, Carmen; Dima, Andreea; Varca, Gustavo H.C.

doi:10.1007/s10973-020-10319-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In addition, the reaction during the scorch period is not a primary reaction, but rather the true primary reaction begins when the rate of change of the torque reaches a maximum, and the sulphation kinetics can be expressed as ln(𝑀𝑀 𝐻𝐻 − 𝑀𝑀 𝑑𝑑 ) = 𝑙𝑙𝑛𝑛𝐴𝐴 − 𝐾𝐾(𝑘𝑘 − 𝑘𝑘 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑠𝑠 ) (17) In this case, tdis, the moment when the rate of change of torque reaches its maximum, is plotted against (t-tdis) by ln(MH-Mt) (Figure 2). K and lnA can be obtained from the slope and intercept, respectively.…”

Section: Vulcanization Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPDM rubber has been studied in thermal-oxygen aging [8,9,10,11,12], photo-oxygen aging [13,14], artificial weathering aging [15], radiation aging [16,17] and medium aging [18,19]. Its research methods and test and characterization methods are diverse, such as dynamic mechanical property analysis, spectral analysis (Fourier infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy), energy spectrum analysis (X-ray electron spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance), and thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Thermal-Oxidative Aging on the Structure and Properties of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Vulcanizates

Quanchao¹,

Chen²,

Peiru³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A thermal-oxidative aging test at 120°C was condutcted on Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) vulcanizates of the semi-efficient vulcanization system. The effect of thermal-oxidative aging on EPDM vulcanizates was systematically studied by curing kinetics, aging coefficient, cross-linking density, macroscopic physical properties, contact angle, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal decomposition kinetics. The results show that the content of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups as well as the carbonyl index increased with increasing aging time, indicating that EPDM vulcanizates are gradually oxidized and degraded. As a result, the EPDM vulcanized rubber chains were cross-linked, and its conformational transformation was limited and its flexibility was weakened. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates the thermal degradation of EPDM vulcanizates had competitive reactions of cross-linking and degradation, and the thermal decomposition curve can be divided into three stages, meanwhile the thermal stability of EPDM vulcanizates gradually decreases with the increase of aging time. The introduction of antioxidant in the system can promote the cross-linking speed and reduce the cross-linking density of EPDM vulcanizates, while inhibiting the surface thermal and oxygen aging reaction. This is attributed to the fact that the antioxidant can reduce the thermal degradation reaction level, but it is not conducive to the formation of a perfect crosslinking network structure and reduce the activation energy of thermal degradation of the main chain.

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Section: Vulcanization Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Thermal-Oxidative Aging on the Structure and Properties of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Vulcanizates

Quanchao¹,

Chen²,

Peiru³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…EPDM rubber has been studied in thermal oxygen aging [8][9][10][11], photo-oxygen aging [12,13], artificial weathering aging [14], radiation aging [15,16], and medium aging [17,18] Its research methods and characterization methods are diverse, such as dynamic mechan ical property analysis, spectral analysis (Fourier infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectros copy), energy spectrum analysis (X-ray electron spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic reso nance), and thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric anal ysis), etc. However, most of them are limited to the research of EPM and EPDM rubber The research on the thermal oxygen aging of EPDM vulcanizates with antioxidant conten and semi-efficient vulcanization system is few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Thermal-Oxidative Aging on the Structure and Properties of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Vulcanizates

Chen

Song

et al. 2023

Polymers

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A thermal-oxidative aging test at 120 °C was conducted on ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) vulcanizates of the semi-efficient vulcanization system. The effect of thermal-oxidative aging on EPDM vulcanizates was systematically studied by curing kinetics, aging coefficient, crosslinking density, macroscopic physical properties, contact angle, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal decomposition kinetics. The results show that the content of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups as well as the carbonyl index increased with increasing aging time, indicating that EPDM vulcanizates were gradually oxidized and degraded. As a result, the EPDM vulcanized rubber chains were crosslinked with limited conformational transformation and weakened flexibility. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates that the thermal degradation of EPDM vulcanizates had competitive reactions of crosslinking and degradation, and the thermal decomposition curve can be divided into three stages; meanwhile, the thermal stability of EPDM vulcanizates gradually decreased with increasing aging time. The introduction of antioxidants in the system can promote the crosslinking speed and reduce the crosslinking density of EPDM vulcanizates while inhibiting the surface thermal and oxygen aging reaction. This was attributed to the fact that the antioxidant can reduce the thermal degradation reaction level, but it is not conducive to the formation of a perfect crosslinking network structure and reduces the activation energy of thermal degradation of the main chain.

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“…Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is a suitable candidate as a biomass filler for developing polymer materials with enhanced biodegradability. It is a type of cyanobacteria, often referred to as blue-green algae, and it has gained attention in the last decades for its various potential applications, including the use as a biomass filler in biodegradable polymers with natural rubber [18], ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) [19], polylactic acid (PLA) [20], poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) [21], polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [22], and polypropylene (PP) [23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation Study of Styrene–Butadiene Composites with Incorporated Arthrospira platensis Biomass

Bumbac,

Nicolescu,

Zaharescu

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The preparation of polymer composites that incorporate material of a biogenic nature in the polymer matrices may lead to a reduction in fossil polymer consumption and a potentially higher biodegradability. Furthermore, microalgae biomass as biogenic filler has the advantage of fast growth and high tolerance to different types of culture media with higher production yields than those provided by the biomass of terrestrial crops. On the other hand, algal biomass can be a secondary product in wastewater treatment processes. For the present study, an SBS polymer composite (SBSC) containing 25% (w/w) copolymer SBS1 (linear copolymer: 30% styrene and 70% butadiene), 50% (w/w) copolymer SBS2 (linear copolymer: 40% styrene and 60% butadiene), and 25% (w/w) paraffin oil was prepared. Arthrospira platensis biomass (moisture content 6.0 ± 0.5%) was incorporated into the SBSC in 5, 10, 20, and 30% (w/w) ratios to obtain polymer composites with spirulina biomass. For the biodegradation studies, the ISO 14855-1:2012(E) standard was applied, with slight changes, as per the specificity of our experiments. The degradation of the studied materials was followed by quantitatively monitoring the CO2 resulting from the degradation process and captured by absorption in NaOH solution 0.5 mol/L. The structural and morphological changes induced by the industrial composting test on the materials were followed by physical–mechanical, FTIR, SEM, and DSC analysis. The obtained results were compared to create a picture of the material transformation during the composting period. Thus, the collected data indicate two biodegradation processes, of the polymer and the biomass, which take place at the same time at different rates, which influence each other. On the other hand, it is found that the material becomes less ordered, with a sponge-like morphology; the increase in the percentage of biomass leads to an advanced degree of degradation of the material. The FTIR analysis data suggest the possibility of the formation of peptide bonds between the aromatic nuclei in the styrene block and the molecular residues resulting from biomass biodegradation. It seems that in industrial composting conditions, the area of the polystyrene blocks from the SBS-based composite is preferentially transformed in the process.

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Evaluation of thermal and radiation stability of EPDM in the presence of some algal powders

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Performance of Thermal-Oxidative Aging on the Structure and Properties of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Vulcanizates

Performance of Thermal-Oxidative Aging on the Structure and Properties of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Vulcanizates

Performance of Thermal-Oxidative Aging on the Structure and Properties of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Vulcanizates

Biodegradation Study of Styrene–Butadiene Composites with Incorporated Arthrospira platensis Biomass

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